Land Reform And Construction Of Grass Roots Regime In The Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area

Before the Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area was established, the extreme seriousness of social, economical and political status and land problem in this area made the local people press for a change about their oppressed life and inequality of land ownership. Therefore, after entering Sichuan, the Red Four Front Armies soon started a social revolution in the rural area centered upon "land reform" by a large margin. The Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area Party and the Soviet government stipulated a series of land laws and relevant policies matching with the local reality, enabling the wide and deep expansion and period achievement of the land reform at that time. The land reform movement in Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area was not only a political and economic revolution which greatly affected the historical development of this area, but also a deep social revolution which intensively shaked the basic structure of the rural area society. The land reform built the superiority of the middle and low class peasants, and it also established a new type of gross root regime in the rural area, making the leadership get to the hands of the lowest class in the rural area.The land reform was a political movement. The reason why it could be carried out is that it had not only a fully-developed and practical movement theory and running mode, but also a set of effective power running structures of the gross roots. Apart from fully mobilizing the public, the rural area social revolution centered upon "land reform" should also have its own individual and relevant regime and organization. The Party and Soviet government should take all the strategies and use all the strengths to fix the land ownership which has been assigned to peasants. Only in this way could the fruit of land reform be consolidated.The establishment and the development of the Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area had directed the starting of all levels of work in this area and had supplied the regime with guarantee for the smooth implement of land reform. Meantime, numbers of outstanding workers and peasants emerged during the movement. They played an active part in different levels of Soviet regime, offering fresh blood and vigor for the construction of all levels of Soviet regime. Thus it had guaranteed the smooth implement of all the work in all levels of Soviet regime especially the gross roots regime. Therefore, a benign interaction relationship had been built between the rural area revolution centered upon the land reform and construction of all levels of Soviet regime especially of gross roots regime in the rural area.The research of this article just begins from both land reform and construction of gross roots regime. Based on the collection of data and information, it tries to explore the effective interaction between the land reform and construction of gross roots regime through reviews and survey on the land reform in Sichuan-Shannxi Soviet Area during the Second Civil War and the transition of the power structure in the gross roots. However, there still remain some problems and inconsistency in the rural area revolution carried out during the construction of Soviet gross roots regime and the land reform. All these topics are waiting for the further research of scholars.