The Employment Conditions Of Synonymous Adverbs Of Time With Single And Double Syllables

Among the adverbs of time, there are some pairs of corresponding single and double syllable words with similar meanings. Are they different on usage? With regard to this, scholars have done some beneficial researches. Based on the previous research achievements, this article explores ,describes and explains three pairs of synonymous adverbs of time"曾"and"曾经","刚"and"刚刚","常"and"常常","经常","时常".It aims to clarify the functional differences between the corresponding synonyms of single and double syllables.The whole article consists of three parts:Part 1: The function comparison of"曾"and"曾经"Serving as the adverbial modifier at the beginning of the sentence."曾"and"曾经"can both be the adverbial modifiers in the sentence, the difference lies on that the double syllable word"曾经"can serve as the adverbial modifier at the beginning of the sentence, while the corresponding single syllable word"曾"cannot be used this way.Coexistence with the negative adverbs. Firstly , the coexistence with the negative adverb"没(有)".In database, just three cases of"曾经"following with"没(有)"are found, meanwhile, these three is valued lowly according to native speakers'language feeling."没+曾"is considered the fixed arrangement. For instance,"没曾想","没曾料到", etc. There is no format of"曾+没(有)".In short, except for the fixed arrangement,"曾","曾经"and"没(有)"cannot coexist. Secondly, the coexistence with the negative adverb"不".As seen in the database, the sequence of"曾经+不"is existent. There is no instance in the database, while a lot examples of"曾+不"and"不+曾"are found. Among them, there are 4406 cases of"不+曾", which belong to accidence sequence."曾+不"belongs to syntax sequence, which is the research target of this article. Serving as attribute. The double syllable word"曾经"can be used as attribute, while the corresponding single syllable word"曾"cannot.Part 2: The function comparison of"刚"and"刚刚".Serving as adverbial modifier at the beginning of the sentence. The single syllable word"刚"can only be used as adverbial modifier in the middle of the sentence ,not in the beginning, while the double syllable word"刚刚"can be used in both positions. However, its functions in different positions are different. To be the adverbial modifier in the middle of the sentence is superior, and according to the language feeling, it is more natural.The usage of"刚","刚刚"in the format of"~一V". According to the research, the competences of the combination of"刚","刚刚"with"一V"are different."刚+一V"is superior to"刚刚+一V". The reason is that the pronunciation form of the single syllable word"刚"is more suitable for the"~一V"format.Coexistence with the negative adverb"不". Through the selection of the cases in the database, I just get three cases of the coexistence of"刚","刚刚"and the negative adverb"不".Therefore, commonly, we think"刚","刚刚"can not be arranged with"不".The reason is that"刚"and"刚刚"infer the meaning that the action has finished, while the adverb"不"denies the action .They two are contradictory in meanings.Serve as attribute. The combination of double syllable word"刚刚"followed by auxiliary word"的"as attribute has been commonly used. However, the single syllable word"刚"cannot be used this way.To form a sentence by itself."刚刚"can form a sentence itself, under the restriction that it can only be used as the answer to the questions in oral communications. However, this point has not been commonly used as a formal and prevalent usage yet; it is considered as"the production of a large amount of syntax factors omission in oral communication". The single syllable word"刚"cannot form a sentence itself.Part 3:The comparative analysis of"常","常常","经常","时常" From the perspective of sound rhythm, most of the time, single syllable words modify single syllable words, and double syllable words modify double syllable words. This chapter will mainly offer some exceptional examples and analyze the usual usage of the single syllable word"常".Serving as attribute. It consists of two situations .The former one is to serve as attribute without"的", such as"经常,时常",though their forms are monotonous. No examples found about"常常"in this usage. The usage that"常"serving as attribute has been collected as vocabulary item, which belongs to accidence structure. The latter one is to serve as attribute with"的". Both"时常,经常"can be attributes with"的", while there is no case for"常,常常"in this usage.Serving as adverbial modifier. All"常,常常,经常,时常"can be used as adverbial modifiers directly without"地". However, they can just be put in the middle of the sentence, not in the beginning."常常,时常,经常"can all be the adverbial modifiers with"地",they are commonly used in the middle of the sentence. As the adverbial modifiers at the beginning of the sentence,"常常地"is commonly used."时常地"can be used in oral talking,,"经常地"has not been used until now."常"cannot be used as adverbial modifier with"地".Coexistence with"不". All"常,常常,时常,经常"can be modified by"不", as in the structure of"不+X". Among them, the combinations of"不常","不经常"are the most popular ones."常,常常,时常,经常"belong to the structure of"X+不"."常常不"is the most popular one among them.