The Correlative Research Of College Students Proactive Personality And Time-perspective

Time and space is interracted with each other. Lewin pointed out that time perspective is one element in life-space which is not just existed in "now", but also belongs to "past" and "future". Based on interactionism, personalities are characterized by dynamic interaction of person and environment. Bateman, Crant(1993) intended that proactive behavior is dispositional construct that identfies differences among people in the extent to which they take action to influence their environments. And time perspective reflects a person's characterists of cognitive, attitude and intention on time. The purpose of this paper is to research on the relationship of proactive personality and time perspective, through which to make a step to the research on the interachion of time and environment personalities.This research first revised the proactive personality scale(PPS), then researched on the relaship of proactive personality and time perspective. From the result, we can make a conclution bellow:(1) The revised PPS is of high reliability and fair validity. There are three factors in PPS: striving for perfection, identify opportunity and strong will.(2) The scores of PPS and the three factors of male colledge students are higher than female colledge students; significant difference between freshmen, sophomore, junior and senior colledge students has been found in PPS and the three factors; significant different between art and science students has been found in PPS, opportunity identification and strong will, while no signifficant difference in perfection inclination.(2) High level proactive personality is inclined to future expance, while low level proactive personality is inclined to past expance. High level perfection inclination is inclined to future expance, while low level striving for perfection is inclined to past expance. High level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to future expance, while low level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to past expance. High level strong-will is inclined to future expance, while low level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to past expance.(3) High level proactive personality is inclined to future orientation, while low level proactive personality is inclined to past orientation. High level perfection inclination is inclined to future orientation, while low level striving for perfection is inclined to past orientation. High level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to future orientation while low level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to past orientation. Low level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to past orientation.(4) High level proactive personality is inclined to isolation, while low level proactive personality is inclined to inclution. High level perfection inclination is inclined to isolation, while low level striving for perfection is inclined to inclution. Low level opportunity sensetivity is inclined to inclution. High level strong-will is inclined to isolation.(5) Perfection inclination is respectively regressive to time expence, time orientation and time relevance; opportunity sensetivity is regressive to time relevance; strong-will is regressive to strong orientation.