Study On The Nucleus Elements Of Meaning Of Monosyllabic Words In The Text Of Zhou Yi

This article makes a systematic study on the nucleus elements problems of meaning of monosyllabic words in the Text of Zhou Yi. The Text of Zhou Yi is composed of Gua Yao Ci, and the Yao Ci is mainly composed of Songs and Proverbs. The writing of the Text of Zhou Yi had been finished by the middle-late period of Western Zhou Dynasty, which is the age of the King Xuan of Zhou. The Songs and Proverbs finally collected in the Gua Yao Ci must be in the age of the King of Xuan of Zhou. According to the introductory statistics, the Text of Zhou Yi is composed of eight hundred of monosyllabic words. There have been no systematic study on the the nucleus elements of meaning of and the meaning relations among these monosyllabic words before.Early studies of the nucleus elements of meaning mainly include the Naming Pivot theory by Xun Zi, the Meaning Species theory by Liu Xi, the Meaning Image theory by Liu Shipei, and so on. The more integrated Nucleus Elements of Meaning theory is formally put forward by Lu Zongda, Wang Ning and their students. Wang Ning clearly states that the Nucleus Elements of Meaning theory comes from the elements of meaning analysis approach in the Western linguistics and that the elements of meaning analysis approach with Chinese characteristic is the Dichotomy of Sementeme approach which distinguish the Nucleus Elements of Meaning from the Sort Elements of Meaning. Huang Yiqing, Yang Guangrong and other scholars make some important contributions to the Nucleus Elements of Meaning theory in enrichment and development later.This article argues that the nucleus elements of meaning is an analytical unit expressing the meaning of words and that it is the elements of meaning which can be singled out and analyzed in concrete meaning items of a word in order to denote some character or action with commonness, generality and image-sameness. In the concrete meaning items/locations, the character or action with commonness, generality and image-sameness described by the nucleus elements of meaning is the justification for its being named. The concep of nucleus elements of meaning includes two logic nuclei: the nucleus meaning and the elements of meaning. The nucleus meaning is some character or action with commonness, generality and image-sameness described by some word, while the nucleus elements of meaning is just the word meaning unit describing these characters or actions. Several fundamental theoretical problems must be explained clearly so that we can establish our principles and methods of studying the nucleus elements of meaning. First, the combination of pronunciation/tone and meaning of Ancient Chinese words has its own justification; Second, the writing forms of Chinese words have its own physique meaning with relative independence. Therefore, the combination of forms and meanings of ancient Chinese words has its complexity and the meaning of forms method in studying nucleus elements of meaning has its limits; Third, the central mechanism of the movement between words and meanings is not that words extends meanings but words and meanings connect with each other; Fourth, the meanings of nucleus have some step-by-step feature. Therefore, it is an operating standards of judging the correctness of wrongness of some nucleus elements of meaning whether the result of simple adding of nucleus elements of meaning and sort elements of meaning can restore the original meaning of a word.The formation of nucleus elements of meaning comes from the continuous interaction between the cognitive function of human beings and their circumstances. Some argue that the meaning of nucleus is processed by the left brain, but in fact it is processed by the whole brain which doesn't preclude the participation of the right brain. During the process of individual mind and heart, it is the meaning of nucleus that comes first. In the initiall stages of this process, the chief cognitive method is just the meaning of nucleus cognitive method. The metaphor thinking is the basic thinking mechanism forming the meaning of nucleus. In analytical psychology, the formation of nucleus meaning corresponds to the area of collective unconsciousness. Archetypus is the concrete content of the collective unconsciousness. The image-feature of nucleus meaning cognition has important archetypus meaning, because the primordial image is accumulated into the born Word in the inner heart. Mr. Tang Liquan's lingustictis phylosophy, which is constructed according to the bending and streching of human body, is just a kind of linguistitics phylosophy of nucleus elements of meaning of words.This article explored and verified the meanings of several difficult words in the Text of Zhou Yi, using the theory and methods of nucleus elements of meanings of words. The nucleus element of meaning the the word Peng in the Fei Qi Peng should be"spread in all directions". The nucleus element of the word Jie in Jie Yu Shi should be"among…". The nucleus element of the word Ge should be"dividing lines and choose the middle". The nucleus element of the word Xian of the Xian Lu should be"curve and turn", and the nucleus element of the word Lu should be"continue and connect". The nucleus element of the word Qian of the Jiu Jing Wu Qian should be"obturateand pohibit". The nucleus element of the word Mi of the Wu Yu Er Mi Zhi should be"tiny and fine".After a word-by-word analysis and comprehensive connection of all the monosyllabic words in the Text of Zhou Yi, this Article concludes that there may be four Meaning Part units reining the whole meaning world of ancient Chinese words: Rouqu(flexible and bending), Zhizhi(devoting straightness), Gangzhi(firm and straight), and Zhiqu(devoting bendingness). The structual levels of the meaing world of Chinese words should be"Yizu(Meaning Group)-Yixi(Meaning Series)-Yiqu(Meaning Area)-Yibu(Meaning Part)", among which the Yizu(Meaning Group) is the most basic unit, which refers to a group of words whose pronunciations / tones and meanings are all most closely connected each other. Restricted by the space and form of dissertation of master degree, this article only details all the Yizu(Meaning Group) under the item of the Yibu(Meaning Part) Zhizhi(Devoting Straightness), adding up to forty-three words group.