A Studying Of Teaching Chinese Character Components By Gestalt Psychology In Theory

In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, there are three main ways in Chinese characters teaching: to stroke units for the configuration of teaching; to components units for the configuration of teaching; and directly remember the entire character shape. Most Chinese characters are shaped by more strokes, and obviously, teaching the entire character shape directly without analysis is very difficult; it also seems too complicated through counting and memorizing the strokes and will bring much burden on students. Therefore, many researchers proposed that"components teaching"should be used mainly in teaching Chinese characters."Components teaching"is important in every teaching stage. Components teaching shapes configuration with the law and is good for Chinese characters memory. Even using this method, students will make a lot of mistakes in writing and remembering Chinese characters. Chinese characters teaching have been difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. It needs to strengthen theoretical study.With the development of cognitive psychology, Chinese characters psychology was improved a lot. But most of studies using laboratory experiments, fewer put out effective solutions on practical teaching. I think components should be as the center, and we should resolve the problems by a psychological point, improve characters psychology, and explore effective ways of teaching in line with Chinese characters.Gestalt psychology originated in the visual field of research, and after then it expanded to the perception, memory, and other fields. It considered that we have observed things naturally with Gestalt features. As Chinese characters stroke particular graphics, components and shape of the whole characters recognition acts are similar to the recognition of graphics. The"Gestalt"which fully explained and demonstrated graphic visual perception of the organization should also deal with Chinese characters on the identification and understanding of fundamental as a guiding role.The components errors writing which are caused by remembering is the most common phenomenon in foreign students'writings, after finding lots of materials about the components errors I think they could be divided into four categories based on the principle of Gestalt: 103 errors due to simple principles, 30 errors due to the closure principle, 30 errors due to close to and continuity principles, and 86 errors due to similar principles.Gestalt trace and memory theory puts out that the material——components leaving traces in the brain, but traces of memory is not isolated elements but a development of organized system over time. A good organization system is good for trace formation and stability. After repeated operations and under the influence of attitude the system of traces will be constantly developing. Therefore, the Chinese character components teaching should follow certain order, what front are following foreshadows, following must have the reappearance to front.Now,most components were divided into two groups: Components as characters and components as parts .Since most errors appeared on meaningless components, while meaningful components could be remembered easily by meaning, the whole components should be divided carefully. In the teaching of Chinese characters, components should be divided into components as characters and components as parts .Most of components as characters have meanings, but also could be as just a part of the configuration. Components as parts are divided into meaningful components, meaningless components and concurrently components which is meaningful in some characters but only as a configuration symbols in other characters.In above concrete research work's foundation,"teaching Chinese character components by Gestalt psychology theory"which is in the light of the close relationship between Gestalt theory and Chinese characters, and the importance of components I proposed is an innovation. The theory I initiate includes following: Teaching implied a whole - part - whole principle; divide components carefully and design teaching in view of components different features using Gestalt; after basic strokes, learners can start simple characters learning which are most of components; Then, it is meaningful components; After concurrently components, meaningless components learning uses the four principles on classification study; The relations between components and complex characters. Gestalt trace and memory theory is implied throughout the teaching process.In short, on the basis of character and psychology research results, teaching Chinese character components by Gestalt psychology theory which is guided by Gestalt psychology conformed on deepening and improvement of the components teaching, and So far, it is the first system to use Gestalt guiding principle on Chinese characters teaching. It is ideal for teaching foreign adults students, while also provide other types of Chinese characters teaching a system of teaching ideas and components of teaching materials.