The Reasons For The Emerge Of Elite Huiguan In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Huiguan is a social organization which is set up by the people from the same place and the same trade in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the majority is organized by the fellow villagers in the places far away from home. Appearing in Ming and Qing Dynasties , huiguan have three different types: elite guild huiguan,commercial guild halls and immigrant huiguan, and the elite guild halls is major object which the paper will discuss. The elite huiguan is a social organization which is set up by the officials of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing etc to exchange the friendship of the fellow villagers and provide resident places for officials ,intellectuals and scholars from the same places.The thesis tries to make full use of he collected historical materials to elaborate on the appearing reasons of the elite huiguan in Ming and Qing Dynasties from imperial examination system, the officials'regionalism, the resident problem of the newly appointed officials in the capital and the regional governors and the state of Beijing commercial development in the early Ming Dynasty etc.This article consists of the following four parts:Part one: It introduces the basic situation of elite huiguan on the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Part two: It discusses the general reasons for the emerge of elite huiguan on the Ming and Qing Dynasties, point out civil service examination system and officials'region complex are the general reasons for the emerge of elite huiguan on the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Part three: It discusses the special reasons for the emerge of elite huiguan on the Ming and Qing Dynasties, point out Beijing officials for just taking a post and the others provinces officials for meeting are the special reasons for the emerge of elite huiguan, the business development situation of Beijing early and medium-term in the Ming Dynasty also is the special reason for the emerge of elite huiguan.Part four: The end of the article, which summarized the reasons for the emerge of elite huiguan on the Ming and Qing Dynasties.