Research On The Appreciation And Communication Theory Of LiuXie's "Zhiyin"

Liuxie, the specialist of ancient china's literature theory, his wenxindiaolong discuss many important problems about literature theory by the numbers, including indition theory, ontology, stylistics, style ism, the statement of history of literature and so on. Of course, as a crucial tache in the literature activity, appreciation is also an object which Liuxie pay much attention to. The doctrines of"zhiyin"incarnated his creative idea about appreciation theory concentratly and did a profound influence on the subsequent appreciation theory.The doctrines of"zhiyin"engender at special era. xuzhi says:"Wei dian is detailed but not self-contained, Chen shu show much argue capacity but not correct, Ying lun is flowery but curt and careless, Lu fu is skillful but trifling and cluttered, liubie is exquisite but has not much use, hanlin is injudicious and fails to grasp the main points. Besides, people such as Huantan, Liuzhen, Yingzhen, Luyun also come down to the meaning of literature but only a few of good opinion can be put forward. All of them can't find the root from branches and leaves of one tree and cast back to the cradle from stream."Apparently, Literature appreciation at that time was not impersonal and failed to inquire deeply. Liuxie was not satisfied with that situation. He think that lacking systemic theory as a guide is the reason, So his doctrines of"zhiyin"take the communication as a breakthrought point to fully expound the literature appreciation theory. In Liuxie's opinion,"zhiyin"is the key to realizing the value of writer and works, therefore, how an appreciator become a"zhiyin"of one writer is a main issue which"zhiyin"theory trys to resolve. Activity of literature appreciation is firstly an interplay course of main body and object. Base on this fact, Liuxie look into the two sides reasons of the literature phenomenon which"zhiyin is hard". As to main body,"attach importance to ancientry but make light of modern times","advocate personally but disparage others","believe errors but lose truth"are the cause to miss "zhiyin". In order to solve these problems, Liuxie emphasize that the main body should"be selfless between unimportance and importance, be impartial between loathing and fondness"and have a profound culture of art as well as an acute sense of identification. As to object, there are many reasons for hard to meet a"zhiyin"such as"writings are scrambled and heterogeneous","article's sensibility is hard to differentiate", style is hard to distinguish and the meaning is hard to acquire. To release people from entanglement of these difficulties, Liuxie propose a literature communication course by seeing about the different angles"Liu guan"of one writing's structure. He believe that"since the writing originated from the author's strong feelings, the appreciator should empathize himself into the works","along the river to search the headstream, despite a secret place we can find it; the age was far from nowadays and we can't face to face with a writer but we can penetrate his heart by reading his writings". Perceptibly, Liuxie considers that resort to works for the writer's heart is the purpose of appreciation and communication. The writer conveys his experience to the readers in the form of the writing, and the readers achieve the interchange of emotions with writer by reading. In this process, the readers can comprehend the writer's soul. The heart communication between appreciator and writer is based on works and the language symbol is the extrinsic form of one works'existence. The literature significance hides behind the language, depends on communication as well as creation between main body and object; consequently"to get the image we should hunt for the language, to get the artistic conception we should grab the image"becomes an internal logic of appreciation and communication theory. For the sake of implementing the heart communication between appreciator and writer effectively, Liuxie stress that the principal part of appreciation should"observe roundly","taste carefully"and"dig out the special"in the activity of appreciation. Only in these ways can the appreciator grasp the internal structure and seize the lasting appeal of a writing from surface to a deep layer as well as from here to that, moreover, the appreciator can know the writer's heart and personality of composition. By this time, the appreciator and the writer become heart-to-heart, the value of literature is transferred to the surface, and the appreciator'worth can be realized by"recreating".Liuxie's"zhiyin"theory couples the appreciator with the works and writer, constructs a systemic literature appreciation theory which provides academic foundation and practical instruction for literature appreciation. In the context of modern times and the visual confines of receptional aesthetic and reader response theory, the doctrines of"zhiyin"still has its particular charm, which shows great theoretic value for constructing the modern literature theory of china and gives much pratical significance for human communication in the modern times.