The Research Of The History Of Evaluation Towards The School Of Mandarin Duck And Butterfly

The author cleans up the evaluation history for almost a century towards the school of mandarin duck and butterfly with the method of culture research, and analyzes the social and political reasons causing these evaluations from the perspectives of literary sociology, literary political science, and literary value, and finally finds out the changing track of modern Chinese literary view.Chapter 1 is encirclement and suppression. From the new and old perspectives, the author reviews in detail that the school of mandarin duck and butterfly has been subject to literary criticism from the initial stage to new literary revolution. Then from the two angles of literary value and literary sociology, the reason causing the criticism is dealt with. First, under the influence of the theory of evolution, new Chinese literators accepted and fixedly set up the literary values of"newness superior to oldness"and"struggling for life", in whose dimension they throw the school of mandarin duck and butterfly into the old literature. Second, according to Bourdieu's field theory, the analysis is made from the perspective of literary sociology about the contest within the literary filed launched by the school of mandarin duck and butterfly and new literature due to their behavior and capital. If literary criticism during the period of the May 4th movement was just limited to the epistemology within literature itself, then after the 1930s the ideology criticism became its means owing to the influence of leftist association. Chapter 2 is political criticism from the 1930s to the end of the 1970s. Firstly, it is dealt with in the period of 40 years that how the school of mandarin duck and butterfly is cast as a vestige of feudalism. Secondly, it concerns the rational analysis. Although at the moment the criticism was mainly denial, some of writers still affirmatively analyzed and dealt with the school. Thirdly, it is the range of from political regulations to subject ones. From the two perspectives of political regulations and literary history in the textbooks, the reason is analyzed that the school is politicized. Chapter 3 is re-recognition and sublimation. The first part is on the re-recognition towards the school in the 1980s dealt with in detail in literary reviews and works about literary history. The second part is on the further sublimation towards the research of the school in the 1990s. During the period the researches further clarify the historical image of the school. The researchers comprehensively explored the school from the perspectives of communication studies, reception science and regional culturology, and the evaluations shift from the previous criticism to the objective and comprehensive assessment. The third part is on the brandnew and diverse literary environments. The studies of the school could make great achievements during the period because these achievements have close relations with the reorganization of popular literature made by the literatus, the proposal and practice of the slogan"rewriting literary history"and the multi-culture value from the western postmodern trend of thought.The studies of the assessment of the school experience the intriguing change. Behind the literary phenomenon, the track of development is revealed from the conception of literary history of the theory of evolution, through that of the theory of class, to modern one.