| Depression is a common easy relapse mental disorders, which affects the individual's mental, physical and social functions. The susceptible depression individuals with negative cognitive schemata tend to selectively attent and remember the information consistent with their negative mood ( negative mood congruency), encoded and retrievaled the current and past experience, which caused the memory of negative information increased, down mood, and finally causing the depression. Beck et al found that the individual's mood influenced the memory by a conscious (explicit) or unconscious (implicit) processing process, when the incident valence state consistented with the current state of mind, the information would be the priority processing, and remembed more information,which was known as the mood congruency memory. At present, Most mood congruency memory researches were about the explicit and implicit memory, showing that negative mood congruency memory bias was the stability characteristics of depression individuals, and closely associated with the incidence, persistent and recurrent of depression. The results of explicit mood congruency memory researches were relatively consistent, however, relatively speaking, the research on implicit memory was less, and there were more differences among the research results because of unpurified experimental tasks and test methods in experiment. Research methods were relatively homogeneous (mostly behavioral aspects of the study). Because of high time resolution ERP technology was able to detect the information processing or a certain time period,we could further the research of negative mood congruency memory of depression individuals.The Participants were normal control group and depression group; they received the improved perception driving test tasks and were induced sadness mood.The characteristic of implicit and explicit memory as well as the mechanism were investigated, the final conclusions were as follows:1. The results of sadness mood induction: different participants received the same induced material during the 4 experiments and the results revealed that sadness mood decreased individual's happy mood while increased the sadness mood. But there were no significant differences about sadness of two groups, but significant difference about happy mood, which indicated that depression individuals falling into sadness mood were not because of the increasing in sadness but due to the decreasing in happy mood.2â‘ There were main effects of time(F=4.61,P<0.05)and mood state(F=21.61, P<0.05),significant interaction of time and emotion(F=4.13,P<0.05),no significant difference of group on VAS mood ratings.â‘¡Among the accuracy rate of subjects'gender judging to different emotional faces, there were significant main effects on time (F=4.12,P<0.05)and experiment type (F=20.55, P<0.05),and there was significant interaction of time and experiment type (F=31.72,P<0.05).â‘¢Further simple effects analysis showed that:the positive(F=65.06,P<0.05), negative(F=10.00,P<0.05), neutral(F=12.49, P<0.05)faces when the presentation time was 3600ms in experiment type had significant simple effects;the positive(F=54.72,P<0.05),neutral(F=54.57,P<0.05)faces when the presentation time was 300ms in experiment types had significant simple effects,while the accuracy of neutral faces had significant simple effect between the two groups.Sad mood enhanced the implicit memory of both depressed and normal subjects to positive and negative faces,the accuracy rate in implicit processing to neutral faces of depressed group were lower than that of the normal group.3. Brfore mood induction ,there were significant main effects on time (F = 93.52, P <0.05), emotional valence (F = 20.15, P <0.05) ,significant interaction effects on time * emotional valence (F = 6.07, P <0.05), group * time * emotional valence (F = 2.73, P <0.05). Further simple effect analysis showed that: emotional faces of 300ms (F = 24.00, P <0.05) had significantly simple effect,which between positive and negative faces faces, between negative faces and neutral faces had significantly differences (P <0.05). negative faces of 105ms had significantly difference between two groups (F = 4.72, P <0.05). After mood induction, there were significant main effects on time (F = 20.63, P <0.05), emotional valence (F = 5.22, P <0.05). significant interaction effects on time * emotional valence (F = 7.50, P <0.05), group * time * emotional valence (F = 2.90, P <0.05). Further simple effect analysis showed that: emotional valence faces of 105ms (F = 15.82, P <0.05) had significant difference, which between positive and negative faces face, between positive and neutral faces had significant difference (P <0.05). emotional valence faces of 300ms (F = 5.40, P <0.05) had significantly difference, which between positive and negative faces, between negative and neutral faces had significant difference (P <0.05).4. The ERP study of the effect of sadness mood on encoding and retrievaling the implicit memory of depressed individuals under perception-driven condition:â‘ analysis of the mean activity of time domain between 150ms and 200ms indicated that learning type had significant main effect in top area(F=6.84,P<0.05);â‘¡analysis of time domain between 250ms and 350ms indicated that learning type(F=3.29,P<0.05) had significant main effect in frontal lobe, the interactions of learning *valence(F=3.62,P<0.05), as well as group*learning type*valence(F=3.19,P<0.05) were significant difference. Further analysis demonstrated that 300ms were significant different in emotion valence(F=4.86,P<0.05) and group(F=5.71,P<0.05). While 3600ms had no significant difference, but the two group had significant difference ( F=4.53,P<0.05 ) ,which demonstrated that compared to normal group, depressed group showed the negative implicit memory bias.â‘¢analysis of time domain between 400ms-800ms indicated that there were main effect of learning type in frontal lobe (F=3.63,P<0.05), valence(F=5.76, P<0.05)in top area and valence of the shorter display (300ms)face is significan(tF=10.46, P<0.05). the simple effect of learning type on valance was significant(F=5.78, P<0.05), which revealed that the separation of ERP component of implicit (300ms )and explicit(3600ms)processing of implicit memory between 400ms and 800ms in frontal area was devided while phenomenon of emotion susceptibility appear in implicit processing in posterior scalp.5. The ERP study of the effect of sadness mood on encoding and retrievaling the explicit memory of depressed individual under perception-driven condition:â‘ 250ms -400ms time domain of the ERP mean activity analysis: There were main effects on group (F = 5.88, P <0.05), learning style (F = 34.49, P <0.05), emotional valence (F = 10.82, P <0.05), interaction effects on learning style * emotional valence (F = 5.60, P <0.05), emotional valence * before and after the position (F = 11.56, P <0.05) interaction was significant.â‘¡400ms-600ms time domain of the ERP effect analysis: There were main effects of group (F = 4.53, P <0.05), learning style (F = 9.20, P <0.05), emotional valence (F = 6.57, P <0.05) , interaction effects on learning type * valence (F = 3.39, P <0.05), emotional valence * the position (F = 10.93, P <0.05)â‘¢600ms-800ms time domain of the ERP effect analysis: There were main effects on group (F = 5.27, P <0.05), learning style (F = 23.03, P <0.05), emotional valence (F = 9.45, P <0.05) , interaction effects on learning type * before and after the position (F = 6.31, P <0.05), emotional valence * before and after the position (F = 7.35, P <0.05),groups * learning style * before and after the position (F = 5.20, P <0.05) .This research revealed behavior and ERP characteristics of the mood congruent-memory, and had provided certain empirical datum for negative cognition schem theory, which deepened the understanding of mood congruent-memory.
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