Experimental Study Of Personality And Different Types Of Materials To The Effects Of Implicit And Explicit Memory

In this paper,the Chinese characters and pictures are used to examine the different personality traits (conscientiousness of high-conscientiousness of low, openness of high-openness of low) to the effects of implicit and explicit memory. Also we investigate whether there is interaction between materials and personality. We choose 80 undergraduates in Zhengzhou university, applying PDP in order to separate consciousness part and unconsciousness part from a single memory task, and analyze the grades of consciousness abstract and automatic abstract by GLM-Repeated factorial, we find:1 The conscientious individuals are significantly better than individuals with low conscientiousness in the implicit memory, however, there is no significant difference between each other in the explicit memory. As the experiment is required in a very short time for memorizing and recognition,the effect of the advantage of carefulness is not remarkable. So there is no significant difference between individuals with high conscientiousness and individuals with low conscientiousness in the explicit memory. However, the experiment is required to identify the distinction,the task makes individuals with high conscientiousness show their advantage of carefulness,so that they obtain better performance in implicit memory.2 Whether explicit memory or implicit memory, there is no significant difference between individuals with high openness and with low openness. The trait of openness is often considered as intelligence, the results of most previous studies show that neither implicit memory nor explicit memory has no correlation with intelligence. So the trait of openness,which reflects the wisdom and creativity, has no effect on implicit memory and explicit memory.3 Whether conscientiousness or openness, and whether implicit memory or explicit memory, the grades of memory on pictures are better than that on the words. Human beings tend to use non-verbal coding system, so people will remember more information about pictures than verbal information.We conclude that neither the trait of conscientiousness nor openness has no effect on explicit memory, which shows that personality has not very high degree of correlation with explicit memory. However the conscientious individuals are significantly better than individuals with low conscientiousness in the grade of implicit memory, probably, which indicates that individual differences are sensitive to implicit memory.