National Interest And The Choice Of Diplomatic Strategy Of China

National interest is regarded as the starting point and basis restrictingmodern states to formulate and implement the diplomatic strategy. The study ofnational interest helps to view the behavioral cause, purpose and criteria of nationsand politicians in the international relations from a broader vision. And this paperaims at relating the theoretical study of national interest with the Chinesediplomatic practice to discuss the national interest in the hope of choosingscientifically diplomatic strategy to realize and protect the national interest ofChina much better.The paper analyzes the "utility", "geopolitics" and historical analyticalmethods and uses them for reference. The utility method mainly gives aquantitative analysis to the national interest in terms of the obscured quantitativerelation; the geopolitics method chiefly judges the national interest of China fromthe angle of geopolitics; the historical method is used to investigate and appraisethe diplomatic strategy of China during the first 40 years after the foundation ofthe People' Republic of China.Only from the angle of the national interest to investigate the diplomaticstrategy, can the secrecy of international politics be understood thoroughly Thispaper starts from defining the concept of national interest, then re-examines therealistic national interest of China in the post Cold War era through investigatingthe relationship between the evolution of the national interest in the Cold Wartimes and the adjustment of diplomatic strategy, and finally discusses thediplomatic strategy of China in the 21 st centuryThis paper is composed of three parts:The first part discusses the concept of national interest and some relatedfactors. First, it defines the national interest from the scope of terminologyExistence and development are two fundamental aspects of the national interestThe national interest is a relative concept, it should be stipulated with thereference of other countries' national interests. It is not limited by nationalboundaries and its quantity is decided by national power. The national interest is ahistorical category and a dynamic concept. It not only includes the interest inmaterial, bot also in spirit. Then, it expotinds the smicture of the national interestand its judging basis. The national intereSt can be divided into security interest,political interest, economic interest and' cultural interest. Four basic elements,including illternational environment national POwer, the level of technology andunderstanding in theory are identified fOr judging national interest. "Utility",Which is determined by the importance and urgency of interest, can be used as aunit to judge the national interest.The second part analyzes the national interest of China during the Cold Warand the adjustment of her diplomatic straegy On the one hand, throughinvestigating the diplomatic strategy of China during the Cold War, it is can beAnown tha the source behind the adjustment of diplomatic strategy is theevolution of the national intereSt stthcture. The policy of "leaning to one side" ismainly to prOtect the nation's security illtereSt; "opposing to both" is for theillusory ideologica1 interest; "one line" protects the security interest; the policy ofmaintaining indePendence and peaceful diplomacy which began in the late ofl970s takes economic interest as the core of the national interest. The other handis the appraisement of the diplomatic strategy of new China during the Cold WarThe diPlomatic Strategy during the Cold War has its intrinsic conSstencyit takesthe national interest as its basic stedng point all along The understanding of themain national interest is basically in line with the objective situation at that time,and the intemational statlls of China has acquired steady improvement, so it issuccessfu1 on the Whole. However, the diplomatic strategy during the Cold War isnot Very perfect, for esamPl...