Research On The Shifting Of The Surplus Labor In The Countryside

In the late 1970s, the productive enthusiasm in the countryside of China was greatly encouraged and the productivity was rapidly increased because of the reform of the economic system. But with the increase in the population and the spreading and application of new agricultural technologies, the inconsistency between population and land became increasingly prominent. The reform and opening policies and the gradual set-up of the market economy activated the economic consciousness of the farmers; many surplus labors in the countryside began to shift to the non-agricultural industry. By this shifting the inconsistency between population and land was much alleviated, and the farmers' income was raised, and the development of the countryside and agriculture was promoted, and it also greatly boosted the entire economic construction. But because the radix of our population was large and the development of all branches of the national economy was out of balance, the shift of the surplus labors is still faced with many difficulties, and affects the course of the modernization and construction in the countryside. By applying the basic theories of developing economy and working out the surplus labors in the countryside by way of scalar analysis, this article puts forward many corresponding approaches about the shifting of surplus labors in the countryside to the city concerning such aspects as population control, the improvement of people's making, the hastening of the countryside turning into cities, the development of mid-range and small industries of non-state run economy, the modulating of the industrial structure, the establishing of a labor market and the expanding the output of labors.