Studies On The Industrialization Of Agricultural Science And Technology In China

The industrialization of agricultural science and technology (IOAST) is the important portion of agriculture technology innovation. The practices in home and abroad have proved that the IOAST is an effective way to facilitate the transformation of fruits of agricultural science and technology. There bears significant meaning of realism in our country for readjusting structure of agricultural industrialization, improving agricultural benefits, increasing farmer income, strengthen international competitiveness of agriculture products, ameliorating ecological environmental of rural area, and realize sustainable, steady development of agriculture and rural economy by putting IOAST in practice and making high-new technology to fully penetrate into agriculture. To meet this need of realism, under the guidance of the present theory of IOAST, we primarily study and analyze the developing pattern and operative mechanism of IOAST in our country by investigation and analyses of specific examples. We also put forward the development strategy and basic countermeasures of IOAST for our country in the near future, which will provide theoretical and practical basis for effectively implementing IOAST.Generally, the essence of IOAST is the process of agricultural science & technology achievements commercialization and formation of agricultural science & technology industry, in which the integration of agricultural science & technology, agriculture and rural economy will be realized during the whole course by establishing and developing agricultural science & technology enterprises. The fundamental characteristics of this process are science & technology enterprilization, high-new technologilization, enterprise scalization, product specialization and integrative business. The significant feature is the integration of the research, development, production, distribution and management of agricultural science & technology products. In our country, the IOAST has already begun to rise, the important symbol of which is that a set of prototypes of agricultural science & technology enterprises have already appeared. In the past few years, our government has provided positive support and direction in capital and policy to the IOAST. Varieties of agricultural science & technology products, agricultural new-style industry and agricultural technical enterprise have been transformed, produced and cultivated respectively by implementing and driving of science & technology items.In China, there exist five major development models of IOAST, which are as follows: economic entity founded by scientific research units; science & technology enterprise created by scientific research units; production, study and research cooperation pattern; capital operation pattern and science & technology items investment pattern. The main body of IOAST is agricultural science & technology enterprise. At present, the enterprise of agricultural science & technology have four kinds of origins: existing enterprise purchase science & technology products and become science & technology enterprises by developing these products as dragon head; enterprises founded by agricultural science and education units; some existing general enterprise partially or wholly integrated with agricultural science & technology units; agricultural science & technology units transform into science &technology enterprise. There are two operative patterns of 1OAST: one is single main body integrative management; the other is varieties of main bodies' integrative management, among which, the former is the advanced management pattern of IOAST.The operative mechanisms of IOAST include dynamical mechanism, devotion mechanism and organization mechanism. The carving out of entrepreneur, the impulse of agricultural science & technology department transformed function, the drive of the need of society and market for agricultural science & technology progress are the impetus to develop the IOAST. Good devotion mechanism can effectively promote and attract varieties of funds, technical devic...