Study On Two-stage Inventory Management In Supply Chain Environment

At present multi-stage inventory management of supply chain is a research field that the academia and enterprises all pay close attention to, and it is a complicated systems engineering question too. Two-stage inventory system of supply chain remains the focal point that people study at present because it is the research foundation of three-stage inventory system of supply chain and net inventory system. The research conclusions about two-stage inventory system can be applied to the multi-stage inventory and net inventory system. One-to-multiple inventory system is the most important model in two-stage inventory system because it can be simplified to one-to-one inventory system and can be expanded multi-stage inventory system or net inventory system. So this dissertation studies the two-stage inventory of supply chain composed of one supplier (agent, distribute center) and multiple sellers.Generally, the price discount and transportation discount are two lands of cooperative means that the members of supply chain often adopt. Adopting price discounts can stimulate market demand, and increase the whole profits of supply chain. Adopting transportation discount can save the transportation cost, and reduce the operation cost. The larger order quantity is, the more discount can be given, but the inventory cost will increase. So this dissertation studies on how to establish two-stage inventory management strategy of supply chain considering inventory and transportation synthetically.For the systematization of research and the practicability of results, when we set up two-stage supply chain inventory models, we should consider many kinds of factors synthetically, such as market demand, lead-time, shortage, serve level, Pareto validity etc. Because market demand and lead-time are two very important variables and difficult to handle with when setting up inventory models, we divide them into four sets according to the difference of market demand and lead-time, i.e. (1) Market demand and lead-time are both certainty; (2) Market demand is certainty, but lead-time is stochastic; (3) Market demand is stochastic, but lead-time is certainty; (4) Market demand and lead-time are both stochastic. Aiming at the above-mentioned four sets, we analyze the optimal two-stage inventory strategy of supply chain. The research contents of this dissertation can be concluded as follows: (1) Aiming at the above-mentioned four sets, we set up the optimal two-stage inventory models ofsupply chain with price discount respectively. In these models, we make the profit of supply chain as the objective function, and consider some factors such as service level and Pareto validity, etc. we give a demonstration for each inventory model to test their validity.(2) In order to enhance the practicability of inventory models, we adopt two kinds of most general demand-price functions, the famous elasticity demand-price function and linear demand-price function when considering the relationship between demand and price. In order to reveal the rule that the price elasticity effects inventory model, we carry on sensitivity analysis to the price elasticity.(3) We offer a simple and effective method - Shapley value to dispense profit fairly among supply chain members.(4) Aiming at the four sets of market demand and lead-time, we set up optimal two-stage inventory-transportation models of supply chain respectively. In order to increase the practicability of the models, we adopt nonlinear transportation cost function and continuous discount function when setting up the models. Moreover, we carry on sensitivity analysis to the transportation time and freight in the models.(5) Surrounding price discount and transportation discount, we set up optimal two-stage inventory-transportation model of supply chain.Name-Zhang Yuhua (Management Science and Engineering Department)Directed by-Hu Jinsong (Professor)...