On The Problem Of The Grain Safety In New Situation

Since new China is established, the Party and government have all paid attention to the security questions of the development of agriculture and the safe of grain very much all the time, especially in more than ten years since the 13th the Fourth Plenary Session of the Party, under the right guidance of Party Central Committee with Jiang Zemin at its core, the grain-production of our country has made the enormous achievement, the total output of grain topped 500 billion kilograms in 1996, reached 512,300 million kilograms in 1998, reached the highest level of history, realized the balance between supply and demand, spare in harvest year.Through the analysis of the supply and demand of grain of our country and security state to the present stage, not difficult to find, in our country's grain safe index system, besides an index of occupancy volume of per capita grain, leading indicator states, such as index, grain reserves rate, grain degree of self-sufficiency etc. are good that the grain yield fluctuates, say generally, the grain of our country has already broken away from the for a long time tight slightly situation of supplying, the safe level of grain is relatively high. Then does this prove that the grain safety guarantee of our country has already slept without any anxiety? Actually this is not so. The grain of our country is safe to there is a lot of questions and contradictions at present, the safe form of grain of our country allows of no optimist. The first, numerous objective factor influence of our country grain safe. First, the foundation of grain-production of our country is still relatively fragile, a lot of places live on it basically; Second, peasant plant grain-production area grain drop and influence and plant the enthusiasm of the grain by income; Third, the cultivated land and grain sown area demonstrate the downward trend; Fourth, the production scale of grain of our country is small, the commodity rate is low, the scientific and technological content is low, the production cost is taught high, the competitiveness of grain market is relatively weak at home and abroad; Fifth, water resource shortage, agricultural infrastructures are fragile, the bloods and droughts are relatively serious, the agricultural ecological environment is destroyed; Sixth, the macro adjustments and controls mechanism to the stored grain of country is imperfect, the management system is not perfect. Storing the grain with high costs, the national financial burden is heavy, influence country's macro adjustments and controls to the grain; Seven, is that dynamics that the state revenue and expenditure supports is not enough, influence the delayed effect of developments of the grain and agriculture. The second influence that safe to the grain of our country is relatively great to "entry to WTO". First, the concession of tariff will produce certain impact to grain-production; Second, "entry to WTO" has strengthened the government to the foreign trade degree of difficulty of carrying on macro adjustments and controls of grain; Third, adjusted and increase the employment degree of difficulty of period of transition structurally, some crowds' nutrition security is threaten; Fourth, after the "entry to WTO" agricultural product implement quota management and realize on one's own our country grain strengthen by safe degree of difficulty, have increased the unfavorable factor that the domestic grain market fluctuates of causing . Therefore, the prospect that the grain of our country is safe allows of no optimist.As to this, we should have a sober understanding. Our country step into "comparatively good living" society developing stage, the main goal of safety guarantee to "guarantee need", then begin to develop the way of "safeguard ecology ". The grain safe problem of the analysis our country, should see the grain contradiction hidden danger of supply and demand appearing with structural readjustment to the economy in view of the above, and also pay close attention to the question that the balanced mechanism...