Research On The Mechanisms-building Of Rural Democracy At The Grassroots Level From The Perspective Of Deliberative Democracy

Since 30 years of reforming and opening-up, with the promotion of market economy and development of society, the social, economical and political relations of the rural areas have taken profound changes. After the reform of rural taxes and administrative charges, the building of rural democarcy at the grassroots level represented by villigers'self-government has achieved further developing space, however it's also confronted with new challenges in the process of building moderately prosperous society in all aspects. In the post-period agricultural taxes, what should we do after the democratic election? How should we make the democratic election, democratic administeration, democratic decision-making and democratic supervision advance in coordination not just only democratic election developed? In allusion to the situation, we choose the research of the mechanism-building developing rural democracy at the grass-roots level from the perspective of deliberative democracy, taking village A, village B, village C and village D of Anhui province for instance.In the field survey, we have found out the basic circumstances of the investigation villages, including the economical and social conditions, the similarities and differences of the political structure etc. After those we summarize the achievements of building rural democracy at the grass-roots level. They are as followings: the villagers'awareness of the right and democracy has increased continuously, the vote of villagers committee is tending to be more regulation and improvement, the social organizations and mass groups at the grass root have been cultivated and developed, the rural governance structure has been shaped. Based on above survey, we analyse the problems existed in building rural democracy at the grass-roots level. The concrete problems mainly show in the following aspects: firstly in the political system, the villagers have the low degree in politilcal socialization; the voting of the village members is uauslly considered substandard; the political communication of the basic rural society is inadequate. Secondly in the political process, although the villagers'interest demands have been increased, the channels of the interst expression is useless and it will cause that the interest integration can hardly come to agreements; because of the arbitrary behavior of China's Village Cadres, the decision-making is neither transparent nor democratic. Thirdly in the political policy implementation, due to the low economic strength of villager'collective, its policy implementation is weakening; the lower acquisitive ability of the villagers committee has the bad effect on carrying out its functions; the unfair and opaque distribution of the rual areas results in existing lots of contradictions in the basic rural society. In allusion to the above problems, we put forwad the mechanisms-building in order to develop rural democracy at the grass roots level, according to the inherence factors of deliberative democracy such as election, right check and balance, rational expression, participation, dialogue, deliberation and so on. The first mechanism is the exchange mechanism, includiing the vertical and horizontal exchange of the people and the information exchange of the basic rural society. The second is the deliberative mechanism which focuses on decision-making, hearing of witnesses, reconciliation and consultation. The third is the cooperation mechanism, including the cooperation among the China's Village Cadres', the cooperation among the villagers, the cooperation between the village cadres and the villagers, the cooperation between the basic level government and the villagers committee. Finally, we suggest that we should hold the people-first values, and develop deliberative democracy on the basis of improving the rural election mechanism in order to build a harmonious rural society during the process of building rural democracy at the grass roots level.