Study On The Pension Service Model

Ageing population is the major trend of today's global population. Meanwhile, it also has become the top risk among ten long-term risks in global human society. Since our country has been impacted by some historical factors, like big base of population,"one child"policy, etc., the degree of ageing is increasingly severe. According to the latest statistics issued by Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ageing Office, by the end of 2009, the number of old people who are over 60 years old has reached 1671.4 million, which accounts for 12.5%of total population. Back to the year of 1979, Shanghai has already stepped into ageing society, which is one of the first ageing cities. By end 2009, in Shanghai the number of old people has reached 3.157 million, occupying 22.5% share of total population. As the city with fastest growth of number of old people and highest degree of ageing, pension problem resulting from ageing population will directly impact the politics stability, economy growth and social development. This will also be a key subject which government and society are facing. With the development of ageing population, the number of families with"Plain Old"or "Empty Nest" will be increasing. The traditional way that children take care of elders has been gradually weakened. However, the development of "Pension by Institution" is quite slow which cannot meet the pension requirements in most cities. Therefore, the demand for community pension services is increasing and higher standards are also raised up. Shanghai kicked off community pension services quite early. In 2000, Shanghai took the lead to promote "Home Pension". With 10-year experience, Shanghai has achieved some performances. Of course, many problems still exist.This Thesis starts from the analysis of China's ageing background, points out current issues on Family Pension, Institution Pension and special Home Pension and proposes Community Pension which is a comprehensive pension service based on community. After investigation on theories of Community Pension and actual experiences among British community attendance, Japanese Community Pension and Shanghai Home Pension, I further analyzed the community pension service of "Service circle to elders" conducted in S community. And from the above I draw a conclusion that regarding pension problem, especially in cosmopolitan cities, like Shanghai, pension services should be based on community which is guided by government and community, differentiated by social participation and diversity and highlighted by rich content and wide coverage so as to meet different requirements from old people with different ages and different educational background.