The Guideline Between Communist International And CPC Central Committee During Late Period Of Great Revolution

The relationship problem of the guideline between the Communist International and the CPC Central Committee in late period of the Great Revolution had already caused a heated debate. Today, there is still the issue in the history of Communist Party.This paper argues that the guideline of the Communist International and the guidance of the CPC Central Committee are quite correct during early period and mid period of the Great Revolution. The error is mainly reflected in the first half of 1926, as adopted the policy of compromise and concessions by the Comintern, and the CPC also adopted the policy to make three concessions against the Kuomintang from the representative of Chiang Kai-shek New Right group, to leave a hidden danger for the Great Revolution failure. In the late period of the Great Revolution, the Communist International which failed to correctly grasp the dramatic changes in the Chinese revolution situation had established a paradoxical guideline for Chinese revolution from the Communist International Executive Committee seven plenary sessions held in November,1926. This route is relatively correct strategy, such as land revolution, putting forward the leadership of the proletariat and the future problems of the non-capitalist, etc. However, the strategic direction of this route was very wrong because the strategy must not break the three major principles that keep the united front policy, obey the national government and lead by the KMT left. These three strategic principles of the Comintern is the same route in the mid period of the Great Revolution. Faced on these principles, the correct strategic direction of seven plenary sessions was carried out by the CPC. Because of the paradoxical guideline, the central committee of the communist party formed a right-leaning guideline in December,1926 special session held in Hankou. Under the error guideline of the Communist International and the CPC Central Committee, firstly, the Chinese Great Revolution was partial failure in Chiang kai-shek launched the "412" counter-revolutionary coup, then finally was a complete failure in Wang Ching-wei launched the "715" counter-revolutionary coup. To the failure of the revolution, the Communist International should bear the main responsibility and the CPC Central Committee headed by Chen Tu-hsiu should bear the secondary responsibility. The revolution failed was deemed to come from Inner-Party Cooperation by Chen and some people. Today, some people also agree with this view. But I think their arguments took the path of least resistance and did not properly explain the relationship guideline between the Communist International and the CPC Central Committee during late period of the Great Revolution and found out real cause. Therefore such an interpretation is unconvincing.