"Vulnerable State" And "Fragmental Society": The Governance Dilemma Of Hard-governed Village

The paper investigates two typical hard-governed villages of Gushi County in Henan Province through the use of interviews and questionnaire survey, and find out the core reason why the hard-governed village difficult to manage, although the difficulties to govern these villages is different. The core reason lies in two aspects:our national capacity is vulnerable and our social state is fragmental. Three objectives are hope to complet through this study:(1) define hard-governed village and find its manifestations; (2) find out the crux of the hard-governed village:(3) provide theoretical basis and related countermeasures for managing the hard-governed village.The first chapter discusses the origin and significance of this study, and research status and research methods. Also the status quo of the governance of the hard-governed village in China is discussed. The second and third chapter introduce the two different types of hard-governed villages—the Zhongzha village with nervous relationship between cadres and masses and the Dongying village with weak economy, also the management difficulties and governance dilemma of these villages and how "Vulnerable state" and "fragmental society" lead to such a predicament are discussed. The fourth chapter discusses the basic reasons for the formation of our "vulnerable state" and "fragmental society" and their status quo, as well as how this kind of vulnerable and fragmental state affects the village governance in China, and due to which different type of hard-governed village emerged. The fifth chapter summarizes all studies above, and on this basis proposes countermeasures for managing the hard-governed village, that is to strengthen the basis powers of our state and to integrate the fragmental social.The paper firstly analyses that the governance dilemma of the two different types of hard-governed villages—the Zhongzha village and the Dongying village—is due to our "vulnerable state" and "fragmental society", and then analyses that the governance dilemma of the six different types of hard-governed villages is due to the same reason. The innovation of this paper is that a unified theory explanation of the governance dilemma of hard-governed villages is given by putting them in the framework of the state and society to analyze rather than isolated analysis of these villages, so as to propose valuable countermeasures and suggestions for managing the hard-governed village.