Analysis Of The Stimulation Mechanisms Of The Managers In The State-owned Enterprises

The economic reform of China means the fundamental change from the traditional planned economy to socialist market economy. In this process of transition, the state-owned enterprises will be the center of the reform. In order to succeed in reforming these enterprises, one of the most important tasks is to cultivate a group of modern entrepreneurs of high quality. Since the 70s, a series of reforms have been launched, such as the separation of governments and enterprises, the broadening of the self-governance of the enterprises, contacting system, system of yearly salary, etc. With the deepening of the degree of reform, a group of entrepreneurs surge up; they are brave to reform and innovate, diligent in management and abundant with achievements. However, due to the political environment, economic environment, social culture, the inner condition of the enterprises and other limitations, many enterprises are still under the traditional framework of system and keep the old system of distribution and mode of management. This causes the low efficiency in many state-owned enterprises. If an enterprise wants to be efficient in using resources and fulfill the prescribed social goals, the mechanisms of stimulation cannot be overlooked. The founding of effective mechanisms of stimulation and controlling is of considerable significance in terms of theory and practice in the promotion of the reform of state-owned enterprises with the founding of modern system of enterprises as its goal. In terms of the research and practice of the mechanisms of stimulation, the developed countries have gone a long way. Therefore, to perform specific observation and comparison of the mechanisms of stimulation in the representational countries is very helpful for the construction of the mechanisms of stimulation in Chinese enterprises. In this paper, the state of affairs in America and Japan is compared. From the perspective of the structure of the shares, the shareholders in American enterprises are scattered and the stimulation of the managers is determined by the market. On the contrary, the shares of Japanese enterprises are hold by financial bodies and non-financial bodies, therefore, the stimulation mechanisms are determined by those bodies of legal persons. The shares of Chinese enterprises are hold by the government and bodies authorized by government, so the stimulation mechanisms are determined by government. As for the means of stimulation, America focuses on materials and Japan values nonmaterial things while from these two aspects, these two countries do better than China. Via the research on the current condition of state-owned enterprises and the comparison of the stimulation mechanisms home and abroad we can get some beneficial revelations: the success of certain stimulation mechanism is determined by the environment. The principle of the stimulation mechanism is the same and simple, that is, to start from the premise that man is economic man and personal benefits should be linked with personal achievements and to reward entrepreneurs according to their contributions. However, in the process of putting this theory into practice, we find that this principle is not that simple. The real world is varied and different and the forms of the function of the stimulation mechanism are various. There is no single stimulation mechanism that is suitable to all. The soundness of a stimulation mechanism is determined by its usefulness and the criterion is to examine whether it is helpful to improve efficiency. Therefore, when designing stimulation mechanisms, we should respect reality and adopt effective mechanism according to the current state of affairs. The success of the construction of effective mechanisms not only means the knowledge of the stimulation theories, the current affairs are also important. Stepping from the current state of affairs, we find that in order to construct the stimulation mechanism, we should first reform the subjects of the stimulation mechanism. This means to identify different subjects for stimulation and to juxtapose the perfection of stimulation mechanisms and the reform of the state-owned enterprises. The state-owned enterprises can be divided into two types: the first is enterprises with political goals as their...