| Sustainable development index system is a focal point in the international study concerning sustainable development. Although the research of Sustainable Development Index System involves many scientific issues, there exist some inherent relations. Based on the analysis to the fundamental goal of Sustainable Development Index System, the author points out that the essential relationship among those issues is causality. This paper gives a rather comprehensiveretrospection to the findings of indicator system of sustainable development both domestic and foreign progress, and reviews the representative researches on the principles, correlative evaluating models and comprehensive evaluation method in the construction of index system. The four major types, which are significant in the world at present, of the sustainable development index system are also introduced. In the studies of sustainable development index, there is a serious contradiction between increasing the coverage of indexes and decreasing the information overlap of indexes, generally speaking, more indexes means more overlap among them. Most of the leading studies in China and abroad in resent years select relatively large amount of indexes. This study select 46 indexes which are commonly used among them, and process the correlation analysis on them. The result shows that most of them correlate each other in some ways, ie the overlapping information is significant. Then the dimension reduction is practiced on sustainable development indexes. After comparing with the related influencing achievements home and abroad, the paper points out the current existing problems of those indicator systems and puts forward that we should explore its whole structure, dynamic trends and organic co-ordination etc by system's mode of thinking. Moreover, this paper also puts forth several innovations on its future development: the whole trend will be synthesis, and the synthesis of scales and the establish of integrated organically models will be the research difficulties.Based on the theoretical hypothesis of current sustainable development index system, there is a popular viewpoint that area has been considered as even-quality area. In fact, this is just a ideal circumstance. There are scales and echelon-dimension difference in area. For example, suppose R is an area, then R can be divided into R1 R2 R3 Ri and they can be subdivided into R11 R12 R13, R21 R22 R23 R31 R32 R33--Rij again. So, the regional system is made up of different areas, furthermore, the different regional system can form three major regional structure, namely subscale-region structure( ie R11R12 R13 R21 R22 R23 R31 R32 R33 --Rij)?background-region structure(ie R between R1, R2 R3... and Rj)and correlation-region structure(ie R1 R2 R3... Ri). From the angle of area, a certain regional research not only includes its whole function and structure, also its background and the correlative relation which exists in other the same scale area. As far as sustainable development of a certain area is concerned, it consists chiefly in: (1) Whether its sum of economy or society is increasing or not; (2) Whether its structure could optimize or not especially for area-domain structure; (3) Whether it could influence the correlative area and background area or not. Therefore, its quantitative analysis is about to design integrated indicator system of regional sustainable development not only essential factor structure also area-domain structure.
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