Research On Tender Offer And Quoted Price For Civil-engineering Projects On The Base Of Bill Of Quantities

In order to meet the demands of socialist market economic system, integrate with the international practices and WTO rules as soon as possible,Rule of Bill of Construction Project Quantities has been put in force throughout the whole country since it was promulgated on 1st July,2003. In this circumstance theories and strategies of tender offer and quoted price for civil-engineering projects are systematically and deeply analysed in the dissertation.The problem of bidding-decision comprises generally five subprolems as follow:making a decision whether to participate in submitting a tender or not,choosing optimum item to bid, evaluating project cost,optimizing the quoted price and adopting proper tactics and skills in construction tender. Traditional researchers mostly concentrated on the static theories and strategies of bidding-decision regardless of time-value of capital, the method of payment distribution ,activities' executive modes and construction scheme. In order to make properly bidding decision it is too essential for the contractors to consider simultaneous these factors mentioned above, for " time is money", and all of us are confronted with the socialist market economic system where capital are highly intensive concentrated.Firstly the dissertation probes into traditional theories and strategies of tender offer and quoted price, content and constitution of the bill of project quantities inventories. We analyze key factors that exert significantly influences on decision-making of submitting a tender and set up a model to help the contractors to make a decision whether to take apart in bidding or not considering such factors as construction owner,project item, rivals ,risk etc.In order to raise the level of decision-making further, we introduce some quantitative methods such as 0-1 plan law, project current value criteria and the bidding decision model based on D-S evidence theory etc.,which would help to choose proper projects to bid. secondly, with the goal of maximizing net present value of the bidded item, proceeding from the viewpoint of the contractors, the dissertation tries to set up a mathematical model where the problem of bidding-decision to a generalized class of multi-mode resource-constrained project with discounted cash flows is considered. The problem involves scheduling the activities with cash inflows and outflows in such a way that the net present value of cash flows is maximized subjected to resource, due date and precedence constrains and so on. At last,in view that projects bidding is characteristic of typical game feature,the thesis applies the game theory to explain competitive offering and build a bidding-decision model based on the game theory. Besides,the method of bidding-decision in projects based on the genetic algorithm and computer random simulation is introduced.The achievements of this thesis are of some significant value for the construction enterprises to make scientific and rational bidding-decisions that would contribute to increase their profits while guaranteeing the rate of winning a bid by using proper tender strategy and skills. At the same time the achievements will be a referential tool that would help the owners control the investment, government adjustment and control macro.