The Idea Of Rawls' Right And Its Enlightenment

It's a positive response for Rawls' idea of right to the scene that appealing rights became variegated in the society of the USA in the middle of the 20th century after its inheriting creatively the classical social compact theory. Rawls, through emphasizing on social justice and looking equality as Archimedes fulcrum, on the basis of the justice of the social fundamental structure, by the way of the new social compact theory, tried to construct a narrow net of right. In order to protect the political rights ,the social and economic rights and interests of citizens, Rawls laid claim to guide the people behind the "veil of ignorance" to choose the two justice principles by right of the social compact theory, distribute all sorts of rights and freedom ,distribute interests and burdens equally brought by social collaboration, especially take care of the least-blessed people. As is an important use for reference for us to put an end to the social interests conflicts in all fields, solve the problem of social inequality in constructing our harmonious society.It's my thesis that spreads out through expounding the background of Rawls' idea of right and the basis , the contend and the remedy of rights. Then it strives to take on the unique and the structural system of Rawls' idea of right. The thesis can be divided into four parts:Part One introduced, comprehensively, which the idea on right of John Rawls had been founded and developed on the basis of developing the useful and discarding the useless of the classical social compact theory and animadverting on the utilitarianism. This foundation is also based on the following: Different from the bourgeoisie revolutionary tradition of the past classical social compact theory, the United States, which entered the peaceful period of the bourgeoisie development, can see drastic social contradictions, such as all sorts of severe interests conflicts, great-ties in wealth, a sharp concentration, which invoke a fair, just idea of rightsdistribution.Part Two enunciated in detail the four parts of the idea of on right of John Rawls: The original position, which is the start of the idea of the right, is the basis of making a point;Equality, which is the Archimedes fulcrum of the idea of the right, is the soul of making a point;Justice principles, which are the core of the idea of the right, are the key of making a point;Program justice , which is the relief of the right, is the end-result of making a point;Part Three demonstrated the historic contribution of John Rawls : He synthesized the merits of the classical social compact theory and Kant's deontology and brought forward a new social compact theory, tried to consonance the relation between freedom and equality, and then safeguarded every citizen enjoying the greatest extent of freedom and equality, especially the right of the poor group(the least blessed advantaged members). Simultaneously, we treated of academic contend and represented the historical status of John Rawls .Part Four probed the bewilderment in constructing our harmonious society and the three enlightenments given by Rawls' idea of right .It can be summed up: Equality and freedom principle told us that we should realize the aim of guarantee the individual rights by the construction of national constitutionality and governmental conditional intervention;The principle of equality of opportunity demanded the government should create equal opportunity of self development for every citizen to advance the economic development;The difference principle gave us the solutions to fair distributions of social sources, the weakening of the social inequality between poor and rich, ensuring the poor people's basic rights.