Study On The Minimum Living Standard Scheme From The Viewpoint Of Harmonious Community

China's social assistance system developed in the 50s of the 20th century, mainly for the "three non-personnel" and specific people for periodic, quantitative or temporary assistance. China's traditional social assistance system has achieved remarkable results. However, since 1990s, as China's industrial structural adjustment and the deepening of enterprise reform, the rapid decline of many state-owned enterprises, China's laid-off workers increased sharply, these unemployed, laid-off staff and their families, as well as with the original people of the traditional assistant system, become the social vulnerable groups, their living standard was far below the average living standard of the local people. Moreover, the number of the urban laid-off workers and unemployed personnel also increased year by year, with China's unemployment insurance coverage limited, most practitioners were not participating in the social insurance system, when they encountered difficulties in life, they had to depend on social assistance system, but the original assistance system couldn't meet such demands.To protect the growing urban poverty groups' basic living, in the 1990s our country started to establish the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents. It is a form of social assistance, an important component of the social security system, aiming to giving the minimum guarantees to those who facing difficulties of living. In 1999, the State Council promulgated the "minimum living standard scheme for urban residents", a standard of the national minimum living guarantee system for urban residents entering formal and legal track. Since then, the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents has become a major social assistance system. This system is important for people's living and effectively protects the basic living of residents, so they do not fall into the poverty trap. It can be said that, minimum living standard scheme for urban residents is the first true modern social security system in Chinese history. The establishment of this system has safeguarded the rights of the citizens, realized the social fair theory, and also has solved our country's city poverty problem, maintained the social stability, promoted society harmonious development. Its establishment, not only symbolizes the new level of our country's social rescue system, moreover symbolizes our country's socialist market economy system is moving towards mature and perfect. Sincethe implementation, this system it is imperfect though it has made great achievements as well. Therefore, it is of great significance to make our country's minimum living standard scheme perfect.This thesis takes the construction of harmonious city community as the research background, makes a reasonable analysis on the evolution of our country's minimum living standard scheme. Based on the characters of the scheme, the author points out the weakness of the scheme and makes possible proposals to perfect such scheme.Besides the introduction, the thesis can be divided into three parts. The first part is the concept and the outline of the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents. After introducing the concept of the social assistance, Chinese social assistance system, minimum living standard and the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents, the author outlines the scheme from following aspects, the objects of the scheme, the source of the fund, standard of the assistance, the rights and duties of the objects, assistance of the rights for the minimum living.The second part is about the history and present situation of the scheme. First, the author reviewed the history of the scheme and divides the history into four period s—the trail period, the promoting period, popularizing period, and the perfecting period. Second, it is thought that our minimum livelihood guarantee system for urban residents is linked with China's household registration system, it emphasizes the responsibility of the government, the standard is about the government's assistance, it is a manifestation of the fair and takes a dynamic management. Finally, this paper focuses on the problems of the minimum living standard scheme, which includes the imperfect of the scheme;an ineffective mechanism of the disbursement of funds, a serious shortage of minimal assurance funds, the low level of protection;misunderstanding of the scheme imperfect working mechanism and the low efficiency of the system;the loose link of the Three lined and the low level of socialization;the lower legislative level of the minimum living standard scheme.The third part is about the object and the possible measures to perfect the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents. First in the background of building harmonious urban communities, the author thinks that to make the scheme perfect, we should be people-oriented and pay attention to people's livelihood, promote social justice and community harmony, enhance community cohesion. In this goal, following measuresshould be taken: perfect the system content, and speed up the innovation of the scheme;Change ideas, correctly understand the social assistance system, perfect minimal assurance mechanism to enhance efficiency;Perfect the system of the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents, establish relevant supporting systems;Strengthen legislation, make the scheme working under law.The major innovations are: 1 .It is of distinct significance to take the construction of the harmonious community as the research background. 2. The author makes a trial research of the scheme by the viewpoint of institution. 3. The author makes an improvement to the definition of the minimum living standard scheme for urban residents and makes a reasonable division for the growing process of the scheme, and no matter about the characters or the problems the scheme facing the thesis has its own point.