On The Research Of The Governmental Developmental Resettlement In The Three Gorges' Immigrants Project

The most worldwide known Three Gorges project owns comprehensive benefits in several aspects of flood control, generation, shipping and so on, and it plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development of our nation. However, the construction of it involves millions of people's immigrations and settlements. It is estimated that the population of the migrants will reach to 1.13 millions when the project is totally completed. The population and the scope of the migrants are the most extensive ones in the history of the Chinese and foreign migrations about water conservancy project. The successful settlement of the millions migrants relates to the success of the Three Gorges project, and the sustainable development of economy, society and environment in the reservoir, and it has been said as"a world problem". However, the migrants'settlement is not only a problem of people's"migration", but also a migrant behavior of the whole society for it involves the removal of the land, the change of the environment and the shift of the culture. The migrants'settlement is a process of dynamic combination about people's"migration--employment---becoming rich", and it demands the implementation of the compound goal of"the abilities to move out, to settle down, and to get rich gradually"so that the interactive dynamic system of"people---nature---society---economy"can be constructed.Based on the conclusions on the experiences of the migration of the water conservancy and hydropower projects before, central government puts forward a new idea for the reservoir's migration in the migrant settlement of the Three Gorges project. This new idea is developmental migrant policy. Under the premise of the improvement of the benign evolution of the ecological environment, the core of the policy is to start developmental migrant mechanism to explore and distribute the resources rationally, to develop the economy, to enlarge the migrant environmental capacity, and to create a possibility of the resettlement of migrants from a higher starting point through advance compensations and inputs, in order to make the migrant of the reservoir quickly reach or exceed the living standard which they had before their migration. In the migrant settlement, different settlements are adapted to different conditions. To choose the right developmental migrant settlement is the key to settle the migrant. The environmental capacity of the Three Gorges'reservoir is limited, and the countryside migrants'qualities are comparative low and their mentalities are complicated, so we should adhere to the scientific principle in the Three Gorges'migrant settlement in the point of the relationship of the developmental migrant settlement and the sustainable development of the reservoir. For taking the reasonable ways and means for the developmental migrant settlement, the fundamental way is to combine the migrant settlement with the reservoir's economic development closely to accomplish the local economic development, to change the situation of poverty and backwardness, and to make the reservoir'people have a prosperous life by using the chance of migration.Nowadays, the migrant settlement of the Three Gorges'reservoir works smoothly, and the economic development of there has got some initial achievements. However, some problems still exist in the process of the implementation of the developmental of the policy of the development migrant settlement, and such problems need timely attentions and solutions. That requires the reservoir's government to put the immigrants of the Three Gorges reservoir area under the framework of the sustainable development strategy. The strategy about the migrants must be sustainable, and it should be able to promote the sustainable development.