On The Electoral System Of The Community's Neighborhood Committee

Electoral system is an important system link of constitutional government construction. The practice proves that the electoral system not only can be the link to start constitutional government construction and democratic politics, but also can be the bottleneck to block them and make them like water without a source due to itself many problems.This article makes a comprehensive elaboration on the development of community Residents' Committee's election in our country ,the exploration of community basic-level's election in various prefectures, and the situation of direct election in different experiment sites. It also gives a thorough analysis on the basic present situation of Community Residents' Committee's election in various prefectures. In view of those problems exposed during the election of Community Residents' Committee,the author proposes his own idea and suggests to establish unified Community Residents' Committee's electoral system as well as to reform standard election procedure.From the current situation of community's electoral system, we can find it varied in different prefectures, and it has even greater difference particularly in the respect of the system of direct election. Furthermore, in aspect of electoral executive routine, each prefecture also goes its own way. Before, the Residents' Committee members were designed ,now people of many areas already changed their minds in practice. They realized that this method no longer conforms to the actual situation of current social democracy development. To encourage the community inhabitants'enthusiasm to participate is also considered as a must. But there are still many people who have confused minds to think that it's the better electoral way to elect by the represents on behalf of each household,even think the election made by household represents is so-called direct election. Moreover, the way of election by all the people--one vote each-- will cause extremely huge expenditure on the manpower as well as the physical resource. Thus many prefectures think it's not the right way to utilize in the current community elections. Furthermore, it's not a long time yet since the starting of city community electoral system, meanwhile legal laws and regulations are insufficient by far. The constitutive law of Residents' Committee has never been revised during many years since 1989,the year which the law was formulated. Thus it can not follow up with the step of city community's construction in many aspects. At present, it's always the municipal administration which urges the city community elections in many places. Most of the related documents were formulated according to the system of election by represents from inhabitants or households, and there are very few stipulations to show how the direct election works. Those policies regarding direct democracy procedure and system were not shown in documents at all. For example, how to make the system of nomination base on fair competition, and how to set up secret room as well as secret procedure for voting, all the above were not mentioned at all. Another major issue to block development of city election is the participating rate of city community inhabitants is very low. The enthusiasm of inhabitants get involved in community election and other affairs is not high, especially for those middle-aged and young people.Overview on the development experience of China's city Community Residents' Committee's election, the author believes that the most urgent matter is to immediately set up a standard and unified Community Residents' Committee's electoral system which conforms to the development of city democracy at basic level. On the one hand, to establish the basic principle for a standard community electoral system is a must. The electoral principle should not only well manifest the autonomous and democratic spirit of inhabitants, but also well manifest the importance of procedures and rules, moreover, well manifest the electoral rule which is public and fair. In other words, it should be not only conformed with the current basic realities of China, but also should be workable in practice. Secondly, to set up a standard electoral procedure is a must. A fair election is mainly based on a fair electoral procedure. In this article, the author proposes his own conments one by one on how to improve those shortcomings appeared in some important links such as establishment of the Community Election Committee, the nomination system of the Community Residents' Committee members, the campaign, the voting and etc. Thirdly, to construct the system of community participation is a must. Through organizing various activities in different ways to attract community inhabitants to get involved in community affairs positively, it leads to the construction of a widespread voluntary system of community participation.