The Research On The Administrtive System And Power Of Provinces And Counties During 1927-1937 Period

The Chinese government during 1927-1937 period plays a very important part in the Chinese history, which witnesses modern political system's being implemented in China under the leadership of Jiang jieshi administration. Administrative power is the concern of governments in all levels. So, Chinese government during 1927-1937 period adopted the province-county mechanism ,in which province was in charge of county and both had their own administrative systems. Their administrative powerswere divided among the central governments and the provinces and counties according to laws and rules. The province's power was granted by the central government, and put its orders into effect by administrative , economic, military, legislative means . Whereas the county gained its power by its monotony and by the support from province, and administrative means was applied to fulfill duties. In province, the political system was under control of the leadership group and provincial committee in which governor and agencies of all levels were the key parts of the system. In county, different departments were in charge of different tasks under the group leadership. Various conferences are the main means for the province and county to complete their duties. Thus, a system was set up ,in which administrative power was managed smoothly.However, most parts of China during 1927-1937 period were occupied by local groups except a few provinces directly controlled by central government regardless of the established administrative system. This was partly due to the validation of the central government's existence and the central government's lack of control, which resulted in a dilemma . In order to strengthen its power, the central government went to great length to weaken the power of local governments, consequently, a lot of problems in local governments aroused.The following are some of the problems: the division of administrative power among governments of all levels was not clearly cut ; the local governments were granted incomplete power by senior governments; the dictatorship existed in local governments; the responsibility of local governments was inconsistent with their power. And social and systematic factors contribute to these problems, such as the heated fight for power among the governments of all levels, the incomplete administrative power, effective supervision system, political systems with flaws.