Discussion On The Motility Mechanism Of Community Participation In The Transforming Period In China

The community participation is the internal driving force of developing the community, is also the centric link to realize the community's development, and the community participation is intended to promote the community's development and the overall progress of the society. Accompanying to the deep promotion of the economic development and the overall deepening of the reform, the society of China is experiencing an unprecedented structural change and social transforming, however, the various issues that arising from the transforming are all reflected on the community intently. The community participation can solve the many problems of the special period in an effective way, and it has formed a kind of the bottom-up structural driving force, which is significant of strengthening the management of the community and promoting the development of the community, even the society.This thesis begins from reviewing the developing process of the community participation. Through expatiating on the concept, form and pattern of the community participation, the dilemma of the community participation in the social transition period is described. The reasons on lacking the driving force of the community participation are searched in various angles, with a view to build up a set of motility mechanism effectively, which can provide a reference to develop the community participation actively and generally in the transforming period.The definition of community participation should be understood broadly, which means the participation acts and the process of participation in the construction and development of community. The subjects of community participation contain the residents, autonomous organizations and intermediary organizations of community. All kinds of the public affairs as the object of community participation, including community services, community decision-making, elections and supervision, the cultural activities and environmental improvement of the community, and so on. The understanding that the community participation is only the residents′participation is one-sided. Through the collation of relevant information, the participation of the community is defined in the four main types as: voluntary participation, dependence of participation, self-entertainment participation and rights of participation. When our society is in transition, the research on community participation is of great realistic significance, which is manifested mainly in the following aspects. Firstly, Community participation is able to meet the spiritual needs of community residents, Promote the cultural development of community; secondly, community participation promotes the internal development of community, is useful of pushing the healthy operation of the community; thirdly, Community participation can deepen the reform of the political system in the grass-roots and help to promote the overall development of society.Community participation in our country experienced the three stages, formation, development, and improvement. So far Community participation has made many achievements. First, under the advocating and guiding of the government, the building of the participation subjects continuously expands, which forms a multi-subject participation pattern. Second, the organization building of Community participation pushes forward continuously, which provides effective channels and carriers for the residents′participation. Third, the content of community participation deepens, and the scope widens. But we also can not ignore the insufficient situation of community participation, which is mainly showed that, the participation motility of the residents is generally insufficient, the subjects of Community participation are non-normal distribution, and Community participation is in a lower level. The reasons that the motility of community participation is insufficient are diversified. This thesis analyzes the reasons that the motility of community participation is insufficient, which uses political science, sociology, economics, and many other research perspectives. On the one hand, the participation consciousness of community residents is weak; the community's neighborhood committee is organized administratively; the dysplasia of the community's intermediary organizations; these reasons all make the community participation lack a support of the internal motility. On the other hand, seeing from the external motility, the barriers of the Community's external environment; the government's impetus is of lack; the own conditions provided by the community is limited, and so on; all constraint the development of community participation.Corresponding to the above analysis on the reasons, the author bring up an idea to solve the problem that the motility of community participation is insufficient in the transforming period of our country, that is, building up the motility mechanism of community participation from the two aspects of the inherent generation motility and the external impetus. Through fostering a sense of belonging and identification of the residents to promote community service diverse; the appropriate authority is granted to the community neighborhood committee, constructing a platform for community participation; fostering and developing the community′intermediary organizations, to promote the community participation Organizational; we can improve the internal motility mechanism of community participation. From the aspects that promoting to build the external environment of community participation actively; enhancing the government's impetus; improving its own conditions of community, we can construct the external motility mechanism of community participation.The government and the community formed the motility source of the community system together. In the process of transforming to the community system, the two-way start of the government and the community is necessary. Not only the reconstruction of grass-roots regime is needed, but also the reconstruction of grass-roots community. We are intended to build up the mode of"government's promoting, community autonomy, common participation", transform the government functions, and achieve the community self-management. For the neighborhood committees, the responsibility for the superiors is replaced by service for the community residents. Through fostering the community's intermediary organizations, and mobilizing the initiative of the community residents to participate, so that the community can move toward to autonomy eventually.