Study On Ethical Thought In Anti-Dühring

Anti-Dühring is a protestant work written by Engels from late May 1876 to early July 1878,which is the first important one to illustrate the Marxist theoretical system fully and systematically.In this work,Engels comparatively elaborated the basic principles of historical materialism based on the criticism of Herr Dtihring's mentalistic outlook.And in this progress,Engels reveals the problems of human being's survival and development.Therefore,while Engels elaborated the historical materialism in Anti-Dühring,he actually clearly set up his own moral stand,ethical mode of thinking and theoretical domain.。Though the ethical thoughts implied in Anti-Dühring was revealed by Engels during the process of criticizing some basic viewpoints concerning ethics and moralities of Herr Dühring,they are comparatively systematical and concentrated summary of Marxist ethnics.The work of Anti-Dühring embodies comprehensive ethical thoughts, during which under the guidance of historical materialism,Engels criticized one of the mentalistic viewpoints of Herr Dühring—regarding "principle of universal equity " as the driving force of history;criticized Dtihring's abstract theory of human nature and expounded the true nature of human being;criticized Dühring's "eternal morality" and systematically elaborated the basic principle of Marxist ethnics,that is, the morality is in the final analysis up to the social economy condition; criticized Dühring's abstract "axiom" of equity and illustrated the specific contents of Marxist viewpoints of equity;criticized the Dühring's viewpoints of "political violence is absolutely vicious" and illuminated the thoughts of Marxism relating to violence.In a word,Anti-Dühring can be regarded as a comparatively systematical and concentrated work about basic theories of Marxist ethnics accomplished by Marx and Engels.This article launches according to the above clues,and mainly divides into five parts.The first part is introduction,which mainly introduces the writing background of Anti-Dühring by Engles and the research situation on the ethical thoughts in Anti-Dühring in the academic circle.The second part expounds that "realistic individual" is starting point of Engles's doctrine of human being,and under the guidance of historical materialism,begins from the "realistic individual" and aims to seek for the specific conditions of realizing the liberation of human being. The third part gives a systematical and overall elaboration of basic theories of morality,namely,the root and essence of morality,the historical evolvement and development laws,and so on.The fourth part reveals the character of Engles's viewpoints of equity through the historical review of general concepts of equity.The fifth part systematically illuminates Engles's thoughts about political violence.