Rural Governance: A Comparative Study Of "Zouping Model" And "Yenan Model"

Rural governance has become the focus in the field of social science since 1990s. Scholars began to target at the history of rural governance in 1920s and 1930s while they are studying the modern theory, practice and model of it.It was an era of Chinese social crisis and national crisis in 1920s and 1930s, during which the rural economy went through bankruptcy and collapse. In response to it, people from every part of the society started to figure out a solution to China and Chinese countryside. Among them, the party of Village Construction represented by Liang Shuming and the party of Country Revolution represented by Mao Zedong attracted people's attention. Zouping experiment was the most representative of Liang Shuming's mature perspective and practice of rural governance, this article shall be defined it as "Zouping Model". Yenan period was a mature period of Mao Zedong's new democratic theory, the thought and practice of rural governance in it was best able to represent Mao Zedong's. We define it as "Yenan Model". The intellectual community has made a lot of researches about these two models, but it is rare for people to make a systematic comparison between them from the perspective of rural governance.This article includes 6 parts:The first part is a brief introduction-bringing forward the problems.Chapter One involves:putting forward "Zouping Model" and "Yenan Model" and, at the same time, making a definition of them under the background of the research of rural governance; establishing the role of the research in the relevant studies and pointing out the significance of this study through the systematic review of literature; introducing the contents, ideas and methods of the research.Chapter Two mainly deals with the background of the two models "Zouping Model" and "Yenan Model". It introduces that political chaos, economic bankruptcy and natural disasters led to the Chinese rural crisis. It also makes a brief introduction about the background of Zouping and Yenan. At the end of this part, it tells us two main solutions to the crisis-reform and revolution.Chapter Three mainly talks about the detailed investigation about the two models--- "Zouping Model" and "Yenan Model" based on the essential factors of rural governance, such as theories,organizations, subjects, goals, contents and consequence, etc. In this part, the writer also points out the two models'nature--- reform and revolution.Chapter Four describes the similarities and differences between "Zouping Model" and "Yenan Model" by making comparative analysis among all the factors in a way of structural analysis and comparison.In the last part Chapter Five, the writer tells us we can not say which model is a success,which model is a failure. Because "Zouping Model" and "Yenan Model" have their characters of times. So we can draw such a conclusion as "Zouping Model" and "Yanan Model" are a useful attempt to solve Chinese crisis in modern China whose experiences and lessons will become the invaluable properties in making a new rural areas and harmonious society.