| Roles of civil servants have always been the focus of the government construction. By analyzing the sources of the roles of the civil servants in the theory of traditional public administration and the new public management, we can see that in the theory of traditional public administration, the roles played by civil servants are the reluctant participants in the policy process, the center of the administration process and the efficient executors; In the theory of the new public management, the roles played by civil servants are the entrepreneurs, the "policy commodity" providers and the greater degree of homo economicus. However, these roles of the civil servants have experienced the plight in varying degrees, and then the government could not play the best effect. But the theory of the new public service is one developed theory on the basis of critically inherit the theory of traditional public administration and the new public management, so the theory of the new public service have greater advantages over the previous two kinds of theories. By reading the Denhardt's《The New Public Service:Serving, Not Steering》, to coordinate, summarize and classify the theory of new public service, it can be summarized as follows four basic aspects based on reposition the roles of the civil servants:focus on citizen participation, emphasis on civil rights, the pursuit of public interests and the effective implementation of public policies. These four points are all based on reposition the roles of the civil servants, and provide a theoretical basis to settle the plight of the roles of civil servants in a new period. By comparing the reforms of the western countries which relevant to the civil servants construction, we find a number of ideas in the theory of the new public service have strong relevance and practicality, they are also provide an important theoretical basis and practical experience for our country's civil servants construction in ongoing building a service-oriented government.
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