The Analysis Of The Empty-nest Families' Old-Aged Providing Ways In The Resource-exhausted Cities

Since the reform and opening up, social mobility is increasing, with the children studying, working or marriage in the other city, the number of the empty-nest households is increasing dramatically, and emergence the young and long-term trend, the providing problems of the empty nest families is growing promient. Of course, the providing problems of the empty nest families in the big cities and small cities is vary, while for the resource-exhausted cities, because the whole courses of the city's social and economic development are particularity, the problem of it is more magnitude and specificity, the study of the providing issues of the empty-nest families of the medium and small resource-exhausted cities is very important. In general, there are many researches on providing issues in domestic and internationgal,while less researches take the empty-nest families of the resource-exhausted cities as an independent group to study. So in this paper, I will aim to the unique of the providing issues of the empty-nest families of the resoure-exhausted cities, take the transition of resource-exhausted cities as the background of the study, take the city—Fuxin,Liaoning Province, as the representatibes of the resource-exhausted cities, take the persons of empty-nest families who are about to enter to the old stage and the age are between 40-year-old and 60-year-old as the survey object, take the social support theory, social exchange theory and the ethic of social theory as the main theoretical basis, combined the qualitative research and quantitative research methods, to study the trend of the choices of the empty-nest families'providing ways of the resource-exhausted city and the factors of the trend.In details, this study includes the following aspects: the first is about the descriptive analysis of the two main pesion supports subjects'providing ways'choices of the resource-exhausted cites'empty-nest families; Then is study the empty-nest families'penrents'natural and social properties. The natural property includes the parents'ages and physical conditions, the social property includes the parents'econmic status, social networks and intergenerational relations; The third is the study about the social properties of empty-nest household'children, including their current redidence cities, their incomes and their career developments; The last parts is the simple study of the empty-nest families'parents'old-aged living expections. Through these anlysis, I learned there are great differents between the parents'and chlidren'choices of the empty-nest families'providing ways, the parents tend to spend their remaining years in their current residence cities, while most of the children tend to take their parents to their current redidence cities, and tend to refuse the nursing homes. In addition, about the impact factors of the two sides, the parents'ages, physical conditions,ecomomic incomes, social networks, intergenerational relationships, children's incomes job developments and the change of the parents'old-aged living expectations are all affect the choices of the parents'and children's providing way in different levels: The ages and the physica conditions of the empty-nest household'parents are differents, their concerning levels about their future providing problems are differernts, and the better health of the parents, the choices are more diverse of their children in the providing ways; Resource-exhausted cities pension levels are relatively low, while economy relatively independent is also affect the parents'choices; The network of the empty-nest families'kinship is an importent factor for the parents'providing ways'choices; The relationship between the children and the parents are also an important affect factor for their choices of the providing ways; The child's career development is a significant impact for the child whether returned home; The level reducing of the expection about the enjoy familiy happiness is also become a factor for the parents'providing ways'choices.Since the choices of two sides are different greately, while the empty-nest families'old-aged providing can't be stoped, the study of the providing ways between children and parents of empty-nest families how to achieve unity is very necessary. Based on some interview cases, I learned that regardless of the initial choices of the two sides, t there will be on side to compromise to achieve unity. About the main basis for the compromise, including two aspects: one is the development of their children, if the children develop well, parents will choose to settle in their children cities; another is the parents'age, when the parents'age reach a certain level, the two sides wil on balance, and then a party will compromise.The results of the compromise are parents and children settle into a city for majortiy. The fundamental reason led to this compromise is the filial of the ethical culture ,which is deep-rooted imapact on people. Just because of the filial culture,"Feedback Mode"as the main providing way of the Chinese society is still exist; Just because of filial culture, some children would prefer to give up jobs in the other citis and work back to care their parents; Just because of the filial culture,"raising children for old-aged"idea is deep-rooted, and lead many parents tend to give up their familier envoirment to their children resistance citie to rely their children. It can be said that filia culture is the bonds combine the empty-nest families'parents and children in the provding choices.In the last two parts, I compare the conclution,which is get from the investigation of the empty-nest households'providing ways in Fuxin, with that of the other resouce-exhausted cities, to discuss weather the conclution can be put forward, and give some suggestions. I select three typical resource-exhausted cities, the oil-exhausted city– Yumen, the forstry-exhausted city– Yichun and the non-ferrous metal exhausted city– Huangshi, as the lateral correlation analysis. The result show that the empty-nest families phenomenon is widespread in the resource-exhausted cities, and most of these cities have the similar development course, the similar economic development level and the similar culture enviroment, therefor, the findings have universal adapivity in some extent; About the recommendations, for the speciallity of the empty-nest families providing problems in the resource-exhausted cities, I from four levels give some suggestions, concluding the national, the local government, the social and the personal , aim to better serve the elderly and solve the providing problems , and I hope it can play as start a discussion's function.