| In the early 1980s, with the deepening development of China's reform and opening up to the world and modernization process of accelerating, the rural surplus labor force has started a large-scale shift to the city, close by the end of November 2009, the country of migrant workers migrant workers has reached 152 million people, and this number is still growing. In these migrant workers,there are considerable number of people already being parents, but due to the limit of urban-rural dual economic structure segmentation system and restrictions on the household registration system, most of them can not accommodate the children in their city so those children had to only stay in rural areas, as a result to cause a special group of people----left-behind children in rural areas. this number has rise to about 58 million people by the end of 2005Left-behind children are in critical period of the understanding life,habit forming, psychological developing and personality shaping, As the impact of the social environment,the absence of kindness and family education, Although compared to other types of students, they are school work does not differ greatly,but they are prone to mental health problems,personality development problems and behavioral problems. this study through the investigation on left-behind children's psychological behavior problems and related factors in rural Gushi County, Henan Province Understanding of the local left-behind children's psychological status of behavior problems, and Analysis of the related factors, For the local government, education sector and parents to take corresponding measures to provide a theory. Materials and methods1. Respondent:The investigation was carried out the lamination random sampling, in 2009 3 to 4 month in Gushi County, Henan Province, three primary schools were randomly selected a year～the sixth grade and two secondary schools who started～third-year students in the school as a subject of investigation, age range 4.52～18.70 years old (mean age 12.78±2.65 years). A total of 1,200 questionnaires were issued, from the 1200 survey were stratified random sample of 400 teachers were to conduct a questionnaire survey to exclude incomplete fill, there are obvious errors in logic of the questionnaire and age over 18 years and less than 6-year-old students, the questionnaire was 1027 valid questionnaires and teacher questionnaires were 364. Children Left Behind them 729 (71.0%), non-left-behind children 298 (29.0%).2. investigation methods:Use self-compiled the basic situation of the questionnaire, Achenbach Child Behavior Scale (Parents) (CBCL), Rutter Child Behavior Scale (Teacher), Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders Screening Form (SCARED), children's depression since Rating Scale (DSRSC) in the class groups on-site facilities for the units measured in strict accordance with the requirements of test instructions. The unified by training, with certain mental health knowledge of the investigation officers to investigate the purpose of the survey instructions and fill out the questionnaire method, on-site for students to fill out the basic situation of the independent conduct SCARED and DSRSC survey has investigated, the same time, parents of students CBCL questionnaire and the basic survey, and to take part of the survey by their class teachers, class teachers using a questionnaire on their evaluation3. Statistical Analysis:All of the data were entered using Microsoft office Excel, and processed by SPSS13.0 and samples were analyzed using T-tet,χ2 test,analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients and a regression analysis, withα=0.05 as the standard.Results1. Higher rate of rural left-behind children stay. In this survey of 1027 rural children, the left-behind children 729, accounting for 71.0%, non-left-behind children 298, accounting for 29.0%.2. The wardship type of left-behind children mainly by inter-generational care. Grandparents/inter-generational maternal grandparents care 697 persons, accounting for 67.9%.3. left-behind child "support" parents work as migrant workers and seek for help when something happens or difficulties in the choice of targets, they would like to choose "classmate/friend", and this rates are higher than those of non-left- behind children.4. CBCL scale test group of child behavior problems staying positive rate was significantly higher than non-lef-behind group Child behavior problems in rural areas stay positive rate was 36.9%, non-left-behind children accout for 28.9%. Specific to various factors:6-11-year-old boys in the split-like factor was significantly higher than non-stay male,12-18-year-old girl in vivo factor in female students was significantly higher than non-stay.5. Rutter Teacher Questionnaire scale test group of child behavior problems staying positive rate was significantly higher than the non-left-behind group.the overall detection rate of behavior problems was 20.3%, left-behind child behavior problems detection rate was 25.0%, higher than the non-left-behind children group(8.9%), difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Further found that the detection rate of girls is 23.9%, higher than boys(16.8%), The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).6. Left-behind children in general anxiety and depression than non-left-behind children and the difference was significant (P＜0.05)7. The comparison between the left-behind children of different gender anxiety, depression total score and factor scores.Left Behind group of Children, boys and girls between the somatization/ panic factor scores are equal. The comparison of anxiety disorders total score and the other anxiety disorders factor score comparison:anxiety total score and the factor scores of girls are higher than boys, the difference was significant (P＜0.05), depression total score among girls than boys, no significant difference (P>0.05).8. The comparison of different types of guardianship of children with anxiety, depression total score and different factor scores.The comparison of different types of guardianship of children with anxiety, depression total score and different factor scores, the custody of the father who scored are the highest, The public relations terrorist factor separation generation of guardianship's score is high, somatization/fear factor separating the lowest on behalf of care, Universality anxious factor minute other guardianship type are high, dianship minimum of generalized anxiety factor scores of other types of care high, Separation anxiety factor scores of the high score was the mother custody. Dose not exist in the care type was significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusions1. Left-behind Children in rural areas more obvious mental problems, behavioral problems, anxiety, depression detection rates were higher than the non-left-behind children.2. In addition to somatization/panic factor scores of boys and girls are equal, the total score of depression, anxiety, Total and others are all factors of girls are higher than boys.3. Anxiety, depression total score and the school phobic, the father's custody are high score, social care on behalf of the terrorist factor separating high, somatization/panic factor separating on behalf of the guardianship is the lowest, separation anxiety factor scores of the mother custody is the high. It is must considerate custody of the father to pay attention to the type of left-behind children's psychological behavior problems.
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