Study On Academic Council System Among America, German And Japan Higher Schols

Doing academic researches and managements of university are the traditions for professors both in home and abroad. Professor Committee and University Council are the permanent division in university administration which occupies an important role. The development of Professor Committees in United States, Germany and Japan, provides a good reference to Academic Committees of China. In the early development of Chinese higher education, under the encouragement of many famous scholars such as, Cai Yuanpei, concept of Professors Committee has been adopted. Due to the social background of the war and thousands of years of authoritarian ideological influence, the executive power of government has been the dominant trend of the management of universities. With the analysis of the possibility of uniting the theory of modern university governance, administrative authority and academic power, the influence of scientific decision-making and democratic management, China gradually welcomed the spring of academic power. State law provides for the establishment of the Academic Committee, which examines and assesses academic affairs and participate in the management of university. However, due to the backwardness of the relevant laws and regulations, strong executive power suppresses the development of academic power, and the Academic Committee gradually falls into administration. Such phenomenon cannot promote academic freedom and the faculty governance, and the academic legitimacy of power and maneuverability are difficult to achieve. It also triggered a lot of drawbacks in practice. Theoretical study of Academic Committee is also lagging behind, and many basic concepts are not yet clear. This situation violates the internal operation rules of academic committee and cannot adapt to social development.Therefore, strengthening the theoretical study of Academic Committee, improving and refining the Academic Committee of the relevant laws and regulations,clearing the concept of the Academic Committee, knowing the nature and functions of the Academic Committee can contribute to highlight the academic power, a system designed to develop academic. It can become a breakthrough of the management system of the higher education.