Research On Effective Teaching Theory

As a pursuit on teaching, scholars have been concerned on how to improve effectiveness of teaching all the time. But it was in 1980's that effective teaching came to be a representative teaching theory. In the direction of this teaching theory, many new teaching models have come into being, such as programmed instruction model, mastery of learning model and so on. The research objection of this paper is the theory of effective teaching which consists of three parts ?the research analysis , the induction of main practice and the new developments and the trends in the future about effective teaching.In part one, I discuss the theoretically related concepts, contents of research and modes of research. Effective is about the extent of expected results. Effective teaching usually essentially refers to the teaching procedures that bring about the desired optimal to students through some instructional activities by teacher. Its starting point is teacher's teaching behavior. But the ending point is pupil. That's to say that it is evaluated according as the performance of student. In fact, the research on "effective teaching" was earlier than the one on "school effectiveness". They were detached between each other until 1960's. As to the content of research, effective teaching is carried out from three dimensions ?context variables, process variables and product variables. In considering the "how" of effective teaching, three models have emerged which reflect contemporary thinking about effective teaching. They are surface level of analysis, psychological level analysis and pedagogical (craft of teaching) analysis.In part two, I emphatically discuss the behavior of effectiveness teaching. Though the factor of school level is involved, its emphasis is still on classroom. Moreover they all regard "effective teaching" as "teacher effectiveness" in the English educational dictionary in that I can find the item of "effective teaching ". So the analysis of practice of effective teaching are all focused on the effective teacher behavior, instead of pupil. In a word, effective teacher behavior consists of key behavior (lesson clarity, instructional variety, teacher task orientation and student's success) and helping behavior (using student ideas and contribution, careful-organizing, proper questioning, probing and teacher's own influence). These behaviors are the bases of using teaching strategies.In part three, I inquiry the new developments of effective teaching and analysis the direction in the future. While effective teaching come into being and continue to develop, another representative teaching theory - reflective teaching theory - is rising and developing. Then we can see that effective teaching more and more benefit from the rational aspects of reflective teaching. On this base, I think that effective teaching theory need to expand the vision fields further more, mainly including the views of effectiveness, learning and teacher, in this way effective teaching is really complete and perfect.The above three parts form a systemic system of effective teaching research.