Training Primary And Middle School Teachers For Psychological Education Ability On Specific Subjects

With the development of psychological education in primary and middle schools, how to nurture teachers' ability of psychological education has become a widely concerned issue for educative administrations and staffs. Since teacher education in China focuses only on nurturing the ability of psychological education teachers but not on those of other specific subject teachers either, it casts great theoretical and practical significances on the issue of training primary and middle school teachers for psychological education ability on specific subjects.Based on scientific researches and the relevant theories of education, psychology, teacher cultivation, etc. this paper probes into this issue by studying educative document, proceeding educative survey, and summing up educative experiences. The main ideas and contents are as follows:Good psychological characteristics of primary and middle school students are mainly cultivated through psychological education in general aspect. The purpose of this kind of education is to nurture and maintain students' psychological health, improve and develop their psychological adjustment, anc promote their integrated and specific psychological capability. Hov/ever, since subject education is the mainfield of psychological education in school, the psychological education in specific subject (PESS) is more important than psychological education in general aspect. Directed by the goal of the general one, with a certain purpose and according to the schedule, the PESS, a kind of education action, is to promote studenrs' harmonious development by cultivating their good psychological characteristics, maintaining their good psychological heath, and exploring their psychological capacity. The realization of this kind of development requires the teachers of specific subjects to own the ability to carry out PESS, that's to say, in the process of teaching students the specific subjects, teachers have to effectively cultivated their good psychological characteristics, maintaining their psychological health, and exploring their psychological capacity. Teachers' ability of this kind can becategorized from different aspects and on different criterion. According to the takes of psychological education, there are three types: the ability of developing students' psychological characteristics in specific subject teaching process, the ability of maintaining students' psychological health, and that of exploring students' psychological health. According to the teacher's ability required by PESS, it can be sorted as the ability of designing PESS, the class teaching ability of PESS, the evaluation ability of PESS, and the research ability PESS, The formation and development of PESS ability goes from simpliness to complexity ,from inferior stage to superior stage, that's pre-profession stage of emerging, newly-worked stage of forming, and on-job stage of improvement.The education practices has shown us that some problems have arisen from the nurturing of psychological education ability of specific subject teachers. The prominent problemsare misinterpretation of psychological education, mal-orientation of educational objectives, obsoleteness of course structure, disharmony between theories and facts, and separation of newly-worked guidance and on-job training. To solve these problems, it is supposed to carry out communication among pre-profession study, newly-worked guidance and on-job training to integrate the three stages, among which, the first stage is to construct students' satisfactory psychological quality and enforce their understanding of psychological education through classroom teaching, practices in activities and exertion from outer environment, the second to realize the role change and obtain the fundamental PESS. by assisting the new teacher to get used to the role and tasks and form required competence, and the last is to improve all related capacities through training and practices.