To Probe Into The Ethical Questions In The Process Of Teaching

Ethics is a science to research the virtue and evil in the center of man. Its basic proposition is that all behaviors to care, respect, and cherish man are virtue and all behaviors to disregard, insult, and hurt man are evil; all behaviors that benefit human health growth, human humorous development, human potential exploitation, human value realization, human happy life are virtue and all behaviors to prevent from human growth, make man unilateral development, restrain human potential, make man mediocre, trample human life, make human life agony and unhappy are evil; all behaviors to make the most of people to get most benefits are virtue and all behaviors not to make anyone get less justice benefit, or damage one's justice benefit are evil. Teaching is a process that teachers instruct students to understand the world and gain skills, in which it is man he acts from beginning to end. Its ultimate task is to cultivate, shape man, help man to grow and improve man to develop, which sufficiently embodies the essence of ethics. So the basic ethical proposition in the process of teaching mainly concern virtue and evil in center of man. Since the complexity of man and virtue-evil in the process of teaching, we can neither stay on the superficial phenomena of teaching nor set out from the teaching events itself to built up the basic ethical proposition. On philosophical faith, we advocate the teaching ethic is to see whether our teaching regards man as the highest purpose, respects and cares man. On the actual effect, we advocate the teaching ethic is to see whether our teaching cultivates the man who has both the virtue and beautiful human nature, and both ability and morality. Integrating the two aspects, the basic ethical proposition in the process of teaching is whether practical teaching regards man as the highest purpose and respects and cares man, and in the end cultivates the man who has both the virtue and beautiful human nature, and both ability and morality. The proposition contains two basic points. On the one hand, it indicates that man is the highest purpose, thereby embodying the teaching essence, that is, teaching serves as man, human life as well as expansion, abundance and improvement of human life. On the other hand, it indicates that the teaching process is a process to constantly pursue the holy, requiring us on the way for human nature healthily to develop, constantly to pursue the best teaching and shape the best human nature. In order to carry out the basic ethical proposition in the process of teaching, it is necessary to probeinto the ethical norms which embody the major idea of the proposition. Of course, these norms are required to reflect both the essence of ethic and the feature of teaching. For the former, the norms are the deep feeling toward man when we come to the ethical pursue, honest doing with regard to the moral value, balancing various factors as far as teaching relations is concerned, virtue faith with respect to human nature. For the latter, the norms are the equality between teachers and students, the harmoniousness of relationships, the justice of teaching and the perfection of personality. But rethinking profoundly the practice of teaching in our country, there are many issues which go against the ethical norms. These issues typically are the teacher centre in classroom, the indifferentness between teachers and students, the splittism in learning, instrumentalism in teaching and the utilitarianism in the teaching pursue. These issues are not only the issues in teaching, but also in ethics. So if we want to get over these issues, we must change past teaching idea and reach the new demands. That is , on the level of huminology, we must integrate human natural characteristic with social characteristic, rationality with non-rationality, sparetime life with professional life, present being with future being, and then take care of man as a whole and cultivate harmonious and perfect man in the end; on the level of teaching, we must carry out the principles as following: lively teaching...