An Investigation On Innovation And Development Of Farmer Training Models In Urbanized Areas

"Three rurals", referring to agriculture (rural industry), rural area and farmer (rural community), are key issues China is facing in its economic and social development presently, while the issue of farmers is of utmost important. China's agriculture and social development is witnessing such a change as from the dual-structure to the mono-structure, characterized by the developing trend of rural urbanization, the integration of the rural and urban areas, the modernization of agriculture and the citizenship of the farmers. The issue of "three rurals" in the urbanized areas is still a bottleneck of rural economy and social development. Therefore, innovation and development of fanner training models in the urbanized areas are crucial ways to improve farmer capacity, as well as solve the troublesome problems.Farmer education and training in China are initiated relatively late. However, since reform and open-up policy is carried out, rapid development has been achieved, with great progress being made in the system of farmer education, quality improvement and educational investment. At present, Chinese communist party and central government have given farmer training a high attention. Such an educational concept of people-centered and harmonious development and the manifestation of the function and position of farmer training has been recognized and proposed. Farmer training is an important to improve the comprehensive ability of agriculture, increase the competitiveness of China's agriculture in the international market and promote the transferring of rural labor forces. At present, rural educational training in China still faces many problems, thus it is very imperative to learn from foreign countries, getting the training experiences and methodology for innovation and development of the rural educational training.Rural urbanization is a product of social and economic development, reflected by deep social and economic backgrounds. In recent two decades after "reform and open-up", China develops rapidly in economy, social productivity, comprehensive national ability and people's living conditions, and also a huge change have happenedin e rural economy. Thus, agriculture is transforming from the traditional rural economy to modernization, and the rural community is also developing toward urbanization. However, the contradiction and problems in the structures of national economy still exist, characterized by too high primary industry ratio, an unreasonable structure in the secondary industry, and slow development in the tertiary industry and unbalanced development between rural and urban economy. Moreover, within agricultural industry, there are still such problems as unreasonable structure, slow development in the non-agricultural industry, excessive rural labor forces, low incomes for farmers and difficult in selling of agricultural products. All of them makes the "three rurals" issue predominated. The characteristics of "three rurals" issue in the urbanized areas reveal the urgency and importance of farmer educationand training.Innovation and development of farmer education and training must be ensured according to connotation, level, effectiveness and professional features. The design of the rural education and training includes macro and micro ones. The main content in farmer education and training consisted of production, transferring of the rural labor forces and farmers' living conditions, with obvious features varying with region and age and characterized by openness, basis and multi-directions.Innovation of the educational models is fundamental for improving the efficiency. Farmer education and training model is such a method with rural education as its target and content. The ability model is focused on its attention in practice with the aim to improve the farmer's ability of employment. The ability-centered training includes assurance of the projects, analysis of the professional ability, design of the courses, preparation of the prerequisites and the management of the whole process. Capacity training model is emphasized basic quality training and its improvement, while education in culture, science and technology, morality, business management and physical training are main content. The capacity-oriented education is stressed on basis, comprehension and potential exploitation and development. Long-distance education is accomplished by using computer, satellite and multi-media technologies, with a wide spreading and visual and convenient feature. The selection and establishment of long-distance education, the exploitation and application of the...