To Explore The New System Of Community Service

The rice of the community services originated from the Western countries' solving the social problems which resulted from the transformation to modern society. Our country is going through a more complicated social changes course, and community service is needed and growing up. In the past 20 years, it has made a remarkable achievement. Compared with constant progress of hardware facilities, software in community service obviously lags behind. There still have been contradictory dispute in concept and nature of the community service, and the system innovation of the community service is imperative. This paper attempts to explore the road to the system reform on the basis of defining community service concept again correctly, and then points out the possible direction for the improvement of the social welfare and development of community service. The contradiction between welfare and operational has existed in the definition of the community service for a long time. The incompatible identity has brought confusion in understanding and difficulty in operating, which has already become bottleneck restraining development of community service. To divest community service of private commercial service has been confirmed in academia, but the author thinks, this is not yet enough to terminate the dispute. We should proceed with tripartite-structure of the modern society, and classify the community service into the civil society. So, my definition of the community service is: public service in community and social work of community which is mainly offered by community organizations and the third sector, under the government's guidance and support, according to community members need, exerting the mutual help mechanism and voluntary spirit, and arousing the resource from government, society and market. After introducing the changes of the system of community service in China, arming with Welfare pluralism, polycentricity and the third sector theory, I make the hypothesis that the foregoing system is really need innovation; the offering and production of the community service have already presented pluralistic inclination, and has produced the embryo of polycentric order; producing community service by NGOs is helpful in improving the community residents' welfare level. I have chosen two trials of community service consortiums in Beijing. After the deep interview of its main participants, I make an objective appraisal to this new system's nature and results. It can be proved that: the former system is unfitted; the trying of community service consortiums can really enhance the welfare of residents, to some extent. Provider and producer of community service are separating. The inclination of pluralism has been present. The supply modes of community service become diversification and changeability. These conclusions all accord with my hypothesis. However, the materials of empirical study also show: a public service market which is similar to the western hasn't formed in our country. It's difficult for one collective consumption unit to touch several producers. As a result, it is impossible to form the quasi- market mechanism either. In this case, the mechanism that keeps the community service in order is --the community organizes by oneself, which is a positive factor to advance the efficiency of production. So the hypothesis should be amended partly. Finally, my conclusion is that: the difficulties in reforming the community service system are because the lack of civil society, the lack of the social policy system about encouraging and standardizing the development of the third sector, and especially the lack of the policy system that can foster social-economy, what exist in civil society, and whose aim is to maximize public benefits. It is exactly the future developing direction of community service to solve these problems.