The Research Into Cheating In Higher Education Self-study Examination In Shandong Province

The Higher Education Self-study Examination (called Self-studyExamination for short), a new education form created by the centralgovernment, is an important constituent of the higher education. Throughcareful organization and cultivation in the past 24 years, it has trainedlarge quantities of high-quality persons for the social and economicdevelopment. And it's highly thought of for the high qualityspecification and the tight rein. But there still exist some unharmoniousnotes affecting the quality and the social prestige. The cheatingphenomenon widely exist because of various reasons, and what's worse thephenomenon is extremely serious in some cities. This not only endangersthe quality, but also has negative influence on many people. Worse stillit affects other tests (college entrance examination, adult higher schooladmission examination and graduate student entrance examination) anddirectly threatens the authority, the fairness and the solemnity of thenational education test. It may have negative influences on the schooltradition, the party spirit and society as well as the entire nationalspiritual civilization construction. In order to reduce cheating in exams,it is necessary to research on the history of cheating andcounter-cheating, the present situations and existing reasons forcheating and counter-cheating. It is also necessary to uncover thecharacteristics of the development of cheating in exams and find out thebasic reasons for the occurring and existence of cheating in exams andpropose the corresponding guard measures. This has great significance onthe construction of self-study examination system and the improvement oftesting theories.The paper is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is the forewordwhich talks about the research object and summarizes the results ofprevious researches and existing problems. Chapter two mainly introducesthe history of cheating and counter-cheating, especially the history andcharacteristics of the imperial civil service examination. Chapter threestates the present situations of cheating and counter-cheating inSelf-study Examination, especially the measures and characteristics ofcounter-cheating. The fourth chapter talks about the reasons for cheating,with emphasis on the internal reasons for the existence of cheating. Thefifth chapter introduces the countermeasures to fight against cheatingin self-study exams.In this article the historical research, induction, survey andcomparison methods are used. The researches are conducted on thecomparisons between cheating and counter-cheating in self-study exams andin the imperial civil service exams from the angles of history, sociology,psychology and economy.From the above researches, the author holds the following opinions:(1) Where there are exams, there are cheatings. (2) The factorscontributing to cheating in exams are various and complicated and amongthem the basic one is interest. Social unhealthy tendency and corruption,officialdom standard consciousness, good faith education insufficiency,diploma choosing a person for a job system and heavy human sentiment, face,relational traditional ideas and "center and" gets along with people thephilosophy is from the idea reason which tests cheats, is from the socialfoundation which tests cheats;Imperial civil service examination testcheating is from the historical reason which tests cheats;From testssystem itself the flaw is from tests internal reason which cheats;Thesociety takes the degree insufficient, the test laws and regulations notperfect and the test management is imperfect is from the immediate causewhich tests cheats. (3) At present, the basic reason and "the root" cannotbe eliminated, "the leaves" can first be cut. We can make great effortsto reform and improve the self-study examination system, perfect the testrules and regulations and the good faith education system, strengthensthe test management. Sound rules and regulations, leaders' attentions,strong countermeasures, scientific management, the formation of thesocial environment of no cheating can contribute to the reduction ofcheating.