The Research On The Difficulty For Graduates' Employment From The View Of Higher Education

The employment policy has already changed. Previously, the employment of university graduates in the command economy is by way of state-assigned jobs. Now, labor is determined through free market forces. A series of problems, or bottlenecks, arose in this process. Fresh graduates are facing fierce competition in finding jobs. Some graduates seldom succeed in finding jobs by only once. There are many causes for this employment problem. The essence of employment pressure lies in the following: Firstly, on one hand, graduates have difficulty in finding jobs in government departments, state-owned enterprises or foreign enterprises in the major cities and in the east coast provinces; On the other hand, there is a shortage of graduates in both the rural area in the west provinces of the country and the private enterprises. Secondly, fresh graduates almost always experience a period of frictional unemployment, in which they spend some time finding jobs. Simultaneously, some new phenomena have occurred in the employment process: The tendency of increase of employment rate for those "stealth graduates", "agility graduates" and increase of "voluntary unemployment" starts to exist. The phenomenon of unemployment pressure on the supply side and job vacancies waiting for suitable candidates on the demand side cannot meet each other satisfactorily. Hence, although there are some troubles with the employment for the University graduates, the prospect of their employment is optimistic. There are some factors within the system of higher education affecting the employment of graduates. Namely, the capability of graduates is not as high as the job market requires. The unreasonable classification and location of Universities and colleges; the structure of the subjects and majors being unbalanced; the defect of training-talents of Universities and colleges; the affection of diploma of higher education; the trans-normal development of the higher education. To solve these problems, various factors must be actively coordinated. For example, macroscopic regulation of government; the regulation of employment policy; the development of social economy; the reform of institution of higher education and so on. Of course, this problem can not be solved thoroughly in the short run. Even in the western developed countries, not all graduates are employed when they graduate. Graduates must face and accept these realistic problems and respond in an active manner. To solve these problems, active action of higher education is very important: correctly conduction the relation between realism and future, the training-talents and pertinency of employment, the structure of subjects and majors and demand of markets, diversification of education models and diversification of employment of graduates, the location of Universities and colleges and location of graduates employment and so on.