To The Share Of Power

Starting with the definition of power, this thesis analyses the reforming trend of current educational decentralization—reducing government's involvement to the lowest degree, enlarging the autonomy of local educational administrative bureaus and schools: on one hand, power is decentralized among the governmental organizations in educational administrative system, the common trend is that the decision and financial power are given to all levels of government; on the other hand, power is decentralized from government to school, the trend is that schools gain autonomy in management.China's educational administrative system accords with world's reforming trend. This thesis looks back at the history of the development of China's educational administrative system reformation, and realizes that after the reformations of centralization and decentralization of power, current grade management under the central leadership is on the basis of centralization, and is a system of combining central and local administration.However, since 1980s' the reformation of our educational power decentralization is: the central government's institute decentralization, transferring the educational management power to the local governments; from the concrete layer of school, system of overall responsibility by headmaster is reestablished to enforce school autonomy. Comparing with British and American educational power decentralization and referring to Chinese scholars views, this thesis realizes the problems in the decentralization of our educational power, and further proves the reformation direction of our educational administrative power.To explore the internal power of primary and middle schools, we need to pay attention to both the external and internal environments of the school organization. Chapter 1 discusses the organization power distribution inside primary and middle schools, including the module, structure drawing and responsibility of these schools together with the responsibility of the school managers of all levels. Chapter 2 discusses the problems of power of these schools' operation, including the discussion of a headmaster's power; the conflict of administrative power and professional power; the loss of balance between official power and individual power; the misplacement of portrait responsibilities and the breakage of cross responsibilities; the loss of democratic power and the nominal existence of democratic organization. Chapter 3 analyses the above power-related problems of school organization from the power body, organization system, and education and social culture sides. From the power body, both headmasters and teachers have problems in the realization of the system of overall responsibility by headmaster; the headmaster is reluctant to share power; leaders and teachers of middle and low levels are lack of the drive to take responsibilities and are reluctant to accept power. From the organization system, the restriction on educational bureaucrats makes it hard to share power; the supervision system to the headmaster's power is short in education system. From educational and social culture, the leader standard takes effect socially; the conservatism of education system.In order to solve the power-related problems in school organization, chapter 4 of this thesis holds that "to the decentralization of power" is the way out. To the decentralization of power is not from nowhere, it roots in the following theories: Learning Organization, distributed leadership, moral leadership and learning school. The practical strategies of "to the decentralization of power" include: firstly, to construct school culture which will promote the share of power. This means purposing; building study common body; following the direction of great curriculum and great view of education; renewing opinions of power by transferring "power" to "right".Secondly, to the decentralization of power requires the design of related organization structure forms, this design should be considered from both the portrait communication and cross integrity dimensions. Thirdly, to the decentralization of power requires the security of related systems. The last part of Chapter 4 gives an example of "A School on Its Way to Power Share" — Pudong New Area South Wharf Primary of Shanghai City. First, a school management report of this school is cited, then a structure drawing of this school's management, curriculum, moral education and the relationship of family and school is cited to make readers further get to know this school. This thesis holds that the above school acquires features of "power share" in its management module, and is "a school on its way to the share of power" with its experience and module inspiring and worth-learning.