A Study On The Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education Between The County Town And The Rural Area

At the turn of the century, China's agriculture has developed slowly. Farmer's income growth rate has declined. The problem of countryside, farmer and agriculture becomes a little bit difficult to build affluent society in our country in the new century. It has caused high concern of the party and the government. The problem of countryside, farmer and agriculture, fundamentally said, is the problem of the balanced development between the urban and the rural area. The balanced development of compulsory education between the urban and the rural is a breakthrough to solve this problem. Being a country with a big population in the countryside, the rural education is the key point and the difficulty in educational work. Although in the last years, Central Party Committee, the State Council have given many concerns on the rural education, proposed explicitly that the educational funds increased mainly to use in the rural areas, organize to implement"liangji"by storm in the western area, carry on the project of modernization distance learning in the elementary and middle schools in the rural areas, make the policy that the students in poor family can go to school not only without needing to pay any money for the tuition and the text books but also can get some money to keep them living, but school disparity between the urban and the rural area still exists, and in some areas and places the tendency has expanded. The compulsory education disparity between the urban and the rural area becomes the hot topic which the society pays attention highly. Taking a district (county class district) in the middle area of China as an example, using the method of diagnosis, this paper inquiry into the factors limiting the balanced development of compulsory education between the county town and the rural area, reviews the policies which are made to solve this problem, gives suggestions to carry on these policies efficiently. Thus it has some certain practical significance.This paper is composed of four parts excepting the preface and the conclusion.The first part has briefly overviewed the achievement which has been made since the open and reform policy has been made in our country. After the policy of reform and open has been made, the Law of Compulsory Education came into effect. The rural education administration system was established, that is"the local government is responsible for, the level-to-level to administrate". A policy was made that the compulsory education should be implemented step-by-step according to the local economic condition. An institution was set up to check the local government's effort on compulsory education. These policies made the local authority and the local people give their efforts to education. School facilities were improved quickly. The compulsory education in the rural area has been changed rapidly. By the end of 2000, the goal that very child can receive nine year school education was realized in China.The second part gives the description about the compulsory education disparity between the county town and the rural area from educational funds, teacher troop, the students of junior middle school obtaining the opportunity of succeeds .The wage of the teacher who works in the county town is more than that of the teacher who works in the rural area. The administrative overheads and the constructive budget in the county town are more than those in the rural area. The teachers who work in the county town have got more...