The Study On The Effects Of Hypoxic Training On Erythrocyte Immune Function Of Athletes

Purpose: Innate immunity is the first line of defense in human immune system, erythrocyte immunity is a crucial composition of the innate immunity. Many studies are about the effects of exercise on human erythrocyte immunity , and the effects of Hypoxic training on erythrocyte immunity is also reported. But few sudy is about the immune function of athletes. Today's study was about the changes of erythrocyte immune function in athlete during a period of two week's Hypoxic training( HiLo was applied ), result can be used to give some information for training.Method: Six elite female swimmers undertook HiLo for two weeks, they swam in daytime and received 10h hypoxic exposure in the evening , blood samples were obtained before training ,during training each week and one week after training, and all the immune parameters were tested. Research work was related to erythrocyte adhesion function such as rosette forming RBC-C3b receptor rate (RBC-C3bRR) and Rosette forming RBC-IC rate(RBC-ICR), the expressin of erythrocyte CR1 , CD55 , CD59, counts of monocyte and granulocyte were also investigated.Results as follows:1 Erythrocyte adhesion function was suppressed in Hypoxic training. RBC-C3bRR decreased significantly compared with the level of one week before training (p<0.05) in the two weeks of training, one week after training, RBC-C3bRR had already restored; compared with the level of-one week before training, RBC-ICR increased from the first week and was enhanced significantly in the second week of training (p<0.05), one week after training, RBC-ICR decreased and reached to level of one week before training.2 Two week Hypoxic training did not made erythrocyte CR1(E-CR1) decrease significantly, but E-CR1 was enhanced significantly one week after training(p<0.05).3 Compared with the level of one week before training, the expression of CD55 on erythrocyte was enhanced in two weeks of training, that index continued to raise one week after training and was higher than the level of one week before training(p<0.05); The expression of CD59 on erythrocyte changed in the same tendency in total. More CD55 and CD59 on erythrocyte could be used to restrict complement activation and inhibit hemolysis.4 Count of monocyte decreased in the first week of training and began to recover in the second week of training, but that index decreased again one week after training and was reduced significantly compared with the level of one week before training (p<0.05); Counts of granulocyte and total white blood cells(WBC) changed in the same tendency: in the training, count of granulocyte decreased and was reduced significantly compared with the level of one week before training in the second week of training (p<0.05), but one week after training, count of granulocyte began to increase. Change of phagocytic cells had the adverse effect on cleaning up the immune complex.Conclusion: Erythrocyte adhesion function was suppressed in HiLo, and this effect disappeared one week after training, count of E-CR1 had not been affected, but E-CR1's activity had been suppressed in the training. Erythrocyte adhesion function had not been suppressed for a long time, female swimmers were adaptative to the HiLo for two weeks.