A Study On The Marketization Of Russian Higher Education In The Transitional Period

In the global field of higher education, the reform of marketization has raised an upsurge since the 1970s and 1980s. Economic factor is the efficient amse of forcing the reform of higher education. As has become worldwide trend of reform, the market mechanism becomes the general orientation of all the measures of reform. Since the disintegration of Soviet Union, Russia, as the main continuator, has forced the political and economic reforms on the basis of all-sided privatization. Russia has finished the transition of mechanism from planned economy to market economy. The reform measures have had a profound impact on the development of education in Russia. Along with the reform and development of market economy, the phenomenon of educational marketization has emerged in the field of higher education in Russia as the particular characteristic of global educational reform. The colleges and universities of Russia have gradually walked out of"ivory towers"which is keeping away from the society and set foot on the path of market-oriented development.The thesis starts from the policies and measurements of the reform of marketization of higher education to analyze the reasons and characteristics of it and the facing problems and challenges of higher education's development under the background of social transitional period of Russia. It's also expected to provide references to many practical issues in China, such as how to adjust the relations among government, market and colleges and universities. The thesis mainly consists of an introduction and four chapters.The introduction includes statement of the problem, literature review, research methods and the definitions of the main terms.The first chapter investigates the background of the reform and development of higher education in Russia focusing on the changes of political democratization and economic marketization.The second chapter reviews the related laws and policies of the reform and development of marketization of higher education in Russia.The third chapter investigates the primary measures of marketization of higher education in Russia.The last chapter examines the rationales and characteristics of the reform of marketization of higher education in Russia and analyzes the challenges and problems facing it, and suggests the references to the marketization of higher education in China.