Study On The National Standards For Higher Normal Education In Russia

In1990s, in order to adapt to the transformation of politics, economy and society,Russia conducted a series of educational reforms, continuously deepening thedevelopment of education. Stimulated by social and market demands, in order toguarantee the educational quality of higher vocational education, Russian federalgovernment has learned from international advanced experience on the basis of itsexisting teaching experience, and formulated the National Standards for HigherNormal Education The release of National Standards for Higher Vocational Educationsymbolizes the legal guarantee of Russian higher vocational education. As one part ofRussian higher vocational education, higher normal education also has a uniformnational standard. Especially the entrance to Bologna in2003, Russian highereducation has become more closed to international higher education. In order to betteradapt to market economy and improve educational quality, the second and the thirdRussian National Standards for Higher Vocational Education have been issued insuccession.Taking the evolution of national standards for Russian higher normal educationas the principal line, this paper focuses on the analysis on the practical application ofthe third National Standard for Higher Normal Education in Russia, summarizing thelessons learned from Russia national standard for higher normal education. By meansof document, historical analysis, case analysis and comparison method, this papermakes a relevant study.The author first systematically introduces the theoretical basis and historicalbackground of the release of national educational standards; then the author explainsthe formulation, implementation, content, influence and status of three nationalstandards for higher normal education in Russia; and taking the major of “Educationand Psychology” as the example, the author illustrates "the requirements forbachelors’ mastering of basic educational outline" that is emphasized by the lateststandard, and analyzes the factors affecting the change of national standards for highernormal education in Russia.Next, taking Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia as the example, thecurriculum setting as well as related content in the standard as the focal points, the author makes an analysis and then illustrates the functions of the practical applicationof National Standard for Higher Normal Education.Then by the comparison on curriculum setting emphasized in higher normaleducation of both countries, the author analysis the similarities and differences ofeducational standards between the two countries and provides feasible suggestions forChina to improve the national standard for higher normal education. Considering thesocial and economic environment as well as the formulation of laws, China shouldlearn and conclude from Russian experience in formulation, implementation andmodification of the standards, drawing up a reasonable and suitable educationalstandard for the development of China’s higher education.