Research On Modern School System Under Politics Angle Of View

The modern school system construction is one of hot topics of the educational theory and practice,the scholars have separately carried on this discussion from different angles to it.The discussion of the modern school system under the economic angle of view advocates the education marketization and privately operating,attention to the enhancement of education efficiency,the discussion of the modern school system under the pedagogy angle of view pays great attention to the education value manifesting in the modern school system construction,but lacks guarantee of this kind of value realization in the system construction.Under politics angle of view modern school system construction then based on the turning point of proposing constructing the socialism politics civilization on " 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China(16th NCCPC)",and reforming the government function, formulate the government,market and society respective responsibility and right(authority) on education again.But lacks research from the political civilization theory to the modern school system.The political civilization theory's significance lies in the modern school system construction is that,from the macroscopic angle of educational system,the political civilization trend decides government manner on the education, and what kind of function the government displays,from the microscopic level of school movement,the political civilization value orientation also can have the important influence to the school management mechanism.The political civilization theory's in-depth significance to the modern school system is that through discussing political civilization theory, mainly analyzing the system evaluation criteria"justice", we can seek ethics foundation which the modern school system based on.This research has first carried on the explanation from the political philosophy level of the political civilization, take the justice, the freedom, the equality and the democracy four categories as the main body content of the political civilization theory, combs the theory meaning of these four concepts. This research takes the justice one kind of system evaluation criteria, the justice is used for weighing the system reasonable or not. The justice is on-position concept of the freedom, the equal and the democracy, to track justice down manifests for the union of pursuing this three principles, namely system which conforms with the principle of the freedom, the equal and democracy is just. Each of these three concepts has many kinds of meanings, and different analyzing different choice to these three concepts will form different justice theory. To the freedom category, we mainly discuses its connotation from the division of positive freedom and the negative freedom; on the equal concept then mainly takes the same equality and the fair equality to explain its meaning. The freedom and the equality have the intrinsic relation:"The positive government"management pattern which forms for the guidance of positive freedom usual tend to the fair equality; But "the negative government" management pattern which based on the negative freedom also usually consistent with the same equality. The democracy may be the same with freedom and equality as one kind of goal, and also may be taken as one method. This article takes the tool significance of democracy, namely the democracy is one method that takes the freedom and the equality as goals, guarantees the freedom and the equality realizing. Freedom and equality of the different selection will form preferences of democratic theory and operation of forms of democracy. In general, the social democratic theory is in a pursuit of positive freedom and fair equality, in the form of democracy advocates direct democracy; liberal democratic theory proposes negative freedom and the same equality, advocate the form of indirect democracy. This paper selects Toffler's participation democracy theory, and analyzes the significance of its three principles of democracy to the modern school system to build the democratic school management model.This article investigates the fundamental modern school system theories from the external relations and the internal relations of schools. External relations mainly include relations of schools with the government, schools and market, schools and community. Internal relations are discussed in relationship of schools and teachers. We study school external relations from basic education non-compulsory education stage and compulsory education stage. Because of quasi-public goods nature of basic education non-compulsory products, government management model should lead to negative freedom, the same as promoting the same equality on this stage. The civil society theory that led to protecting the negative freedom has enlightening to the design of this phase. On the stage of compulsory education, because of the educational products with pure public goods nature, the management of the government should base on positive freedom theory, focus on fair equality. Rawls's "fair justice" theory then has the more care of education practical.On the system building within school, this paper mainly discusses from the academic management, administrative management, general management three levels, specific analyzes what kind of role the school management should play on promoting positive freedom of teachers, and what kind of role the school management should play on protecting the teacher's negative freedom. And analyze the concept of democracy from the tools significance, select the Toffler's participatory democracy theory, and analyze the significance of its three principles of democracy to build the democratic internal school management model.