Study Of The Relations Between Exercise-induced Lower Hemoglobin And Reticulocyte Parameter Changes

Study purposeIn the process of competitive sports training, although the incidence of athlete's anemia is not prevalent, nevertheless, the reduction of hemoglobin concentration caused by training ,but not reaching the criteria of sports anemia has been often seen in training practice. This phenomenon induces the decrease of erythrocyte in O₂ and CO₂ transporting as well as energy metabolism, the result of which is the decrease of exercise capacity, especially for endurance athletes.The reticulocyte is not completely mature red blood cell; it is the precursor of mature erythrocyte. The reticulocyte parameter can directly reflect the hematopoietic function of marrow and the activity of the erythrocyte. In clinical, it is very important to the judgement of the erythropoietic function of marrow, and its application research in diagnostication of iron deficiency and monitoring iron-therapy effect has been frequently well-used.This study analyses the characteristics of reticulocyte parameter changes of race walkers and long-distance runners during five-week endurance training, and the correlation between pre-one-week reticulocyte parameter and post-one-week hemoglobin level while exercise-induced lower hemoglobin occurred, in order to provide evidences for forecasting the occurrence of exercise-induced lower hemoglobin of athletes in daily sports training.Study methodsAll athletes take part in daily sports training according to the coach's training schedule. The experiment periods are from Dec. 2006 to Jan. 2007. Draw blood per Thursday (total five weeks, interval one week) at 7.00 am. Test mature erythrocyte parameter and reticulocyte parameter changes.Conclusions1. In the course of five-week endurance training, although red blood cell, hemoglobin and haematocrit mean values of the athletes did not change significantly, as for athlete individual, the exercise-induced lower hemoglobin occurred on them all.2. In the course of five-week endurance training, the percentage of immature reticulocyte, medium fluorescence reticulocyte and high fluorescence reticulocyte increased significantly, while the percentage of low fluorescence reticulocyte decreased significantly. Clue to: long time and large volume training can promote marrow's making a great number of new reticulocyte and its erythropoietic function.3. The human experiment was failed to find the reduction of hemoglobin concentration induced by iron deficiency. Clue to: the exercise-induced lower hemoglobin during the five-week endurance training was not induced by iron deficiency.4. When the exercise-induced lower hemoglobin occurred during the five-week endurance training, the athletes'post-one-week hemoglobin level was in extremely negative correlation with pre-one-week absolute reticulocyte count, percentage of reticulocyte, medium fluorescence reticulocyte and immature reticulocyte, and in extremely positive correlation with pre-one-week reticulocyte hemoglobin concentration and percentage of low fluorescence reticulocyte. Clue to: reticulocyte count and its subtype parameters can apply to forecasting the occurrence of exercise-induced lower hemoglobin of athletes in daily sports training.