Governmental Responsibility: Problems Of Compulsory Education On Peasant-worker's Children

During the past more than twenty years our country has been implementing the reform and opening up policy, the process of unbanization speeds up uncreasingly, the population migration specially the population flowing between city and countryside become frequently. The problems of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children were shown under the background of Chinese society reform. The problem has been concerned by all sectors of the community groups and government departments. Especially ,in recent years, the country released series of policies and measures to solve the problem , but it has not made a obvious progress. There are also some areas that needs the government to perfect itself so that he can solve the problem better. Therefore, the research of this article has the practical significance.This article divides into six parts. The main point of the article is what responsibility the government should take, finally, what method the government must adopt so that could change the solution of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children.First, introduction. In this part, author introduced the background of the research, then introduced the achievement and the deficiency of current academic. Along with urbanization and industrial structure restructure became faster, the tendency of population moving gets strengthen, shown the pattern of"family"migration. At the same time, a special community-peasant-worker's children shown in the urban. Soon the problem of compulsory education for peasant-worker's has appeared. Analysis to the related literature in this foundation, we found that there were some deficiences existed, lack the research in theory; lack the research of multi-disciplinary and multi-angle.Second, the theoretical analysis of the problem of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children. The compulsory education is one of public product. It has non-competitiveness and non-exclusiveness,meanwhile,it has the nature of social public requirement. The last one was the permanent condition which made the compulsory education as public product .Analysis from the cost and proceeds, we can conclude that the public product provided by the government could obtain the most superior efficiency. So ,the compulsory education should provide by government.Analysis from the human capital field, it introduced the definition of human capital. Schultz regards that the human capital may bring the income captical in the future, it also has a huge promoter act to the economical development. Invest to the education is one of the most fundamental mode to the human capital. So the compulsory education may promote the value of human capital.Analysis from the fair in the education. In the filed of education, the fair of education contains two essential phases: the educational rights equal and the educational opportunity equal. The educational opportunity not equal is the obstaclable factor in the problem of compulsory for peasant-worker's children. Now , education is unfair mainly reflected on the resources of education is imbalanced between the city and countryside;between the different school. The government should strengthen the support to the area where the condition of education is bad when the government developed educational policy. Third, analysis the present situation about the compulsory education for peasant-worker's children. In this part we used the method of cases analysis and investigation for data ananlysis. It has explained that the problem of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children had already become a social question in nationwide. The scale of the peasant-worker and the peasant-worker's children who entered city. Data shows that the scale of population flowing is getting bigger and bigger at the present stage. The scale also has a tendency to expand. It is the challenge to the city education resources. The present situation about the compulsory education for peasant-worker's children. The ways their children go to school are the schools attended by the peasant-worker's children and the schools developed by government. The urban school resources are unable to meet the need of the growing population. So the urban school resources are limitied. There are quite a part peasant-worker's children cannot be able to go to school. They were forced to face with the problem of out of school. The compulsory education finance investment insufficiency. That makes the measure lacks of fund difficulty to develop.Forth, governmental responsibility flaw: the primary reason in the compulsory education for peasant-worker's children . This part has provided a basis for the next part's feasible policy. It includes duality domiciliary system, the reform in education system is lagger in econominc system, financial system, criteria for achievements assessment.Fifth, the goal and the way choice for the government to solve the problems of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children. This is the key part of the article. It provide four kind of goal pattern for the government. It include the central authorities pattern, the inflow government pattern, the inflow and flow out undertake together pattern, central authorities and inflow government"two major"pattern. The author considered that the last was the perfect one. Then, design the"two major"pattern. To the inflow government need to clear its government, expands the financial investment. To the central authorities ,establish and consummate the transfer payment system.Finally, the mechanism for"two major"pattern. Positioned the central authorities, the inflow government, and flow out government's responsibility. Clear the government function to make the"two major"pattern's implementation more effective. The government must undertake the responsibility of supporting the compulsory, investing funds on compulsory education, management function, developing competitive system. The government must consummate the corresponding system to make"two major"pattern implement more effective. Reform the control system of the compulsory, the social relief system. I hope through the government function innovation we may solve the problem of compulsory education for peasant-worker's children soon.