The General History Of Shi Gu Academy

Academy is a special form of educational organization in ancient China. It started from Tang Dynasty, bloomed in Song, and ended in Qing, lasting for thousand years. During the long history, its special organization, running form, educational principles and teaching methods have contributed a lot to the development of Chinese cultural education. Shi Gu Academy, one of the oldest and most famous Academies in China, has withstand natural and man-made calamities plays. After several vicissitudes, its education continues all along, thus playing a crucial role in the whole development history of Chinese academy education.This paper discusses the development status and historical influence of Academies in Tang, Song, Yuan,Ming, Qing Dynasties from a chronological viewpoint. Shi Gu Academy is the first one established in Tang Dynasty, and builds up an initial developing model for Academies. The Academy was made well-known because of the historical relation between those famous personalities such as Zhuge Liang, Han Yu etc. Shi Gu Academy sees its blooming in Song Dynasty. Shi Gu Academy reaches its utmost glory in Song Dynasty. It is in this period that it has been bestowed tablets twice by the emperor and becomes one of the nationwide famous"Four Great Academies". The combination of Academy and a Confucian philosophy of Song and Ming dynasties promoted the development of Academy, and became an ideal mode of the Academies in Southern Song Dynasty because of Zhu Xi and The Notes of Shi Gu Academy, which spreads the idea that"voice heard by the world". Meanwhile, as regulations of it become increasingly improved, they became an example of learning and were followed by other Academies. In Yuan Dynasty, Shi Gu Academy was still famous and kept on running; however, it entered a difficult period and lacked further development because of the dispute of field in 62 years. In Ming Dynasty, the spread of Wang and Zhan School in Shi Gu Academy bring it into second glory. in Qing Shi Gu Academy was the first one resumed and became a base of spreading imperial examinations lessons and training talents of excellent imperial lessons. Because of the policies taken by Qing and its own geographical limits, Shi Gu Academy loses the chance of further development, thus its influence gradually comes down.